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Microbiota profiling using stool samples is limited in its ability to represent intestinal microbial dynamics. CRISPR-engineered bacteria can be used to acquire cellular RNAs and create a gene expression ‘memory’ during gastrointestinal transit, with the potential to capture microbial transcriptomic changes in the gastrointestinal tract without invasive sampling.
Only 12 high-income countries are on track to meet the World Health Organization’s goal of eliminating hepatitis C as a public health threat by 2030, and micro-elimination opportunities in high-risk populations in settings such as hospitals are often overlooked. We propose ten steps to eliminate hepatitis C in hospitals.
In this Review, Jess and colleagues describe the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional association between these diseases and the effect of treatment on their co-occurrence.
Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease typically associated with obesity. This Review discusses the epidemiology and physiology of individuals of normal weight with MAFLD and provides insights into their metabolic health and metabolic adaptation.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common among people who are incarcerated in low- and middle-income countries. Prison policy changes towards HCV testing and treatment are pivotal for social justice and can be a crucial step for achieving HCV global elimination targets.
Owing to its simplicity, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis is one of the most widely used mouse models of colitis. However, the severity of inflammation varies from one experiment to another. In a new study, Forster and colleagues have provided new insights into the DSS model by revealing specific microbial taxa that underlie disease variability.
Surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most lethal solid cancers globally, is insensitive for the detection of early-stage tumours. In this Review, the authors discuss HCC biomarkers that can improve early diagnosis, therapy monitoring and prediction of therapy response.
In this Review, Souza and Spechler describe the mechanisms, pathophysiology and cells of origin of Barrett oesophagus, a precursor of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, and discuss the clinical implications.
This Review covers the discovery of Akkermansia muciniphila and its association with health and disease, including metabolic diseases. Insights into underlying mechanisms for how A. muciniphila improves health are given as are comparisons with other next-generation beneficial microorganisms.
Biological sex bias in clinical trials is a common issue in various medical fields, including gastroenterology and hepatology. Without sex parity and increased attention to sex-specific analyses, the translation of trial results into real-world clinical practice remains suboptimal with unpredictable consequences for patient care.
The transition from postdoc to PI is one filled with excitement, anticipation and empowerment, with moments of self-doubt and imposter syndrome thrown in for good measure. Relatively few postdocs successfully cross this chasm, making it even more important to nurture those who do.
The history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a role model for successful basic, translational and clinical research. In this Perspective, the authors chart a timeline of breakthroughs in hepatitis C research, from discovery to cure.
