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Time-restricted feeding (TRF) has shown many health benefits in different organisms, but its effect on lifespan is unknown. A new study showed that a novel intermittent TRF (iTRF) dietary regimen can extend the healthy lifespan of Drosophila. A clock-dependent nightly rise in autophagy drives the lifespan benefits of iTRF.
The investigation of age-induced disease progression in humans is time consuming and resource intensive. One burning question for the exploration of human metabolic ageing is how similar metabolic changes over a lifetime are between humans and mice. A recent study highlights similarities and disparities between these species throughout their lifespan.
Within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, endocrine cells are heterogeneous in terms of transcriptional profile, protein expression and the regulation of hormone release. This Review describes how endocrine cell heterogeneity, particularly of β-cells, affects the regulation of hormone secretion within pancreatic islets.
This Review summarizes adaptive immune cell dysregulation in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Under-appreciated comorbidities of obesity and T2DM (oral cavity inflammation, neuroinflammation and dysbiosis) are considered, and previous clinical trials of anti-inflammatory therapies for T2DM are discussed.
There is growing evidence that fat accumulation in the pancreas can have consequences for metabolic health. This Review discusses the methods for detecting pancreatic fat and the potential causes and pathogenic consequences of pancreatic fat accumulation.
Imaging modalities are now available that enable non-invasive quantitative measurements of liver fat content. This Review highlights the various modalities and their use in clinical trials, discusses the clinical importance of hepatic steatosis for progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and proposes how the new modalities might be used going forward.
