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This Review highlights how cryo-electron microscopy has revolutionized our understanding of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) functions. Specific examples are outlined that provide insights into GPCR biology and drug discovery in endocrinology and metabolism.
The European Society of Endocrinology (ESE), representing 20,000 endocrinologists, is concerned about the effect of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on endocrine health, particularly thyroid and gonadal function. The policy strategies of the ESE aim to minimize overall exposure of humans to EDCs and to stimulate funding for research at the level of the European Union.
The current increasing rates of obesity are paralleled by a rise in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. This Review outlines the potential mechanisms by which obesity might influence kidney function, but also presents evidence for the regulation of body weight by the kidney.
COVID-19 has been linked to an increase in thyroid dysfunction among current and past patients. This Review discusses and evaluates the evidence for COVID-19 causing thyroid dysfunction, including after COVID-19 vaccination and during long COVID.
Evidence and guidance for the care of pituitary adenomas in children and adolescents is currently lacking. Part 1 of this two-part consensus guideline presents 17 general recommendations for diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in children and young people under 19 years of age.
This article is the second part of the first-ever comprehensive, two-part, consensus guideline to cover the care of children and young people under 19 years of age with pituitary adenoma. Part 2 details 57 recommendations for CYP with prolactinomas, Cushing disease, growth hormone excess, clinically non-functioning adenomas and TSHomas.
Sarcopenic obesity is a growing clinical problem because of ageing populations and the increasing prevalence of obesity. This Review highlights the new consensus definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity, and provides an overview of the pathogenesis, clinical outcomes, and management of this syndrome.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone is implicated in cognitive functions, and its loss is a factor in pathological brain ageing. There are similarities between these processes and the neurological and cognitive deficits observed in patients with long COVID. Here, we explore the hypothesis that neuroanatomical and transcriptomic alterations associated with long COVID could stem from this neuroendocrine perturbation.
Iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency (IAI) is the most common form of adrenal insufficiency in adult patients. This comprehensive Review aims to aid clinicians in identifying who is at risk of IAI, how to approach screening of at-risk populations and how to treat patients with IAI.