In the West, childhood cancers are associated with a very high level of treatment success (approaching 90%), with many childhood survivors reaching adulthood. Perhaps because of this success, progress in the field of paediatric oncology has lagged behind that of adult malignancies. Drug development is slow, and rarely examined in the paediatric population first-hand. Treating the child with cancer brings into play a number of issues not typically experienced with adult patients that can have a range of long-term effects: from dosing infants to performing surgery near growing structures. Paediatric oncology is a bustling field with a wide remit, from genomic studies to surgical innovations. This focus issue aims to look at a number of the key issues, and the cutting-edge research, surrounding treating arguably our most vulnerable patients. Free full access until 1 May 2015

November 2014 marks the 10th anniversary of the launch of Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, originally published under the title ofNature Clinical Practice Oncology. To celebrate this milestone, we have commissioned a collection of Decade in Review articles from key opinion leaders to summarize the major advances in six sub-specialties of oncology over the past 10 years. We also present a comprehensive Perspectives article that summarizes the key advances and challenges in translational oncology. In addition, we have commissioned a Viewpoint article in which we asked four of our Advisory Board members from around the globe to discuss topics such as clinical development and testing of multiple agents in combination, regulatory challenges relating to drug development and trial design, and funding for basic research. Together, these articles provide an authoritative snapshot of the oncology field in 2014, and how this might progress over the forthcoming decade. These articles, together with a special infographic,provides a snapshot of 10 years of the journal in numbers.

Prostate cancer is heterogeneous disease and the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous malignancy in men. Advanced-stage prostate cancer is often treated with androgen-deprivation therapy, which is associated with decreased bone mineral density and an increased risk of osteoporotic fragility fractures. In the past 5 year many new targeted agents in the metastatic setting have been approved, and the remit of bone-targeted agents for the management of advanced-stage prostate cancer has gathered momentum. This collection will critically discuss the role of surgery, radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy in men with high-risk disease based on the available trial data. In patients with low-risk disease, the role of active surveillance and focal therapy is covered together with the challenges of over diagnosis and under diagnosis in men with small-Vol. unpredictable disease. Other topics include multiparametric MRI for detection, staging and treatment planning, as well as the challenges of managing elderly men with prostate cancer.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncologyis proud to feature a specially commissioned focus issue on palliative care. The February 2013 issue covers a wide range of issues within the field of palliative care, including cancer cachexia, access to pain relief, specific issues for paediatric patients, and survivorship.

This Focus issue includes specially-commissioned articles that comprehensively cover the recent developments in cancer imaging including the analysis of innovative techniques, the challenges of visualizing special tissues, and the use of imaging in cancer beyond that of detection and response assessment. Produced with support from Siemens Healthcare

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncologyis proud to feature a Focus on clinical trials. The April 2012 issue includes discussion on the recent and ongoing challenges of undertaking clinical trials in patients with cancer. This special issue comprises four Reviews and two Perspectives by key opinion leaders in the field.

The January 2012 special issue presents two important strategies for generating potent and lasting anti-tumor immunity. The first strategy is to subvert immune suppressive networks in the tumor microenvironment. The second strategy is to optimize conventional and anti-biological modalities to directly target tumor and adjacent tumor tissue, and mobilize and expand anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment which results in tumor eradication. Further background information on this important topic is available through the accompanying web focus which links to related articles from across Springer Nature.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncologyfeatures a Focus on metastasis in the June and July 2011 issues. This focus features discussions of the recent breakthroughs in knowledge of the mechanisms and treatment of metastasis by key opinion leaders in the field. Topics include tumor self-seeding, metastasis-suppressor genes, bone metastasis, brain metastasis and oligometastases. The web page for this focus issue also includes links to related articles from across Nature Publishing Group to provide more background information on this topic.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncologyis proud to feature a Focus on personalized medicine. The March 2011 special issue features discussions of the advances, challenges and progress in the field of personalized cancer medicine by key opinion leaders who presented at the Worldwide Innovative Networking (WIN) symposium held in Paris in July 2010. Topics include blood-based strategies to detect and monitor cancer, methodological and practical challenges, immune parameters and chemotherapy efficacy, P4 medicine, and personalized medicine perspective from a cancer center. The web page for this focus issue also includes links to related articles from across Nature Publishing Group to provide more background information on this topic.

This Focus issue on breast cancer contains specially commissioned Reviews that translate the latest pathogenesis and management insights into clinical practice. The challenges in defining and treating triple-negative tumors are highlighted. Synthetic lethality provides a novel approach to identify new targets, and advances in the treatment of BRCA mutation carriers using PARP inhibitors are described. Genetic testing for patients with BRCA mutations and the implications for incorporating such testing into mainstream cancer settings is discussed, together with the role of circulating tumor cells in metastasis development and how genetic profiling of these cells can help improve patient management.

In this Focus issue, leaders in the field provide an update on the current status of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in oncology and debate the major challenges such as statistical validation, and appropriate use and validation of surrogate endpoints. The value of CA125 monitoring in treatment decision making for ovarian cancer, the clinical development of molecular markers to individualize adjuvant therapy in colon cancer, and guidance for physicians in critically evaluating published studies on prognostic gene-expression signatures are highlighted. This Focus provides a valuable and cutting-edge resource for clinicians and researchers.