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The risk of acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 mRNA vaccination has garnered intense (social) media attention. However, myocarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination is rare and usually resolves within days or weeks. Moreover, the risks of hospitalization and death associated with COVID-19 are greater than the risk associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Therefore, COVID-19 vaccination should be recommended in adolescents and adults.
In the phase II AXIOMATIC-TKR trial, the oral, selective factor XIa inhibitor milvexian provided dose-dependent protection against venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.
Early surgical aortic valve replacement in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis reduces the risk of all-cause death, acute myocardial infarction, stroke or unplanned hospitalization for heart failure compared with conservative care and surgical aortic valve replacement only after symptom onset, according to findings from the AVATAR trial.
Posterior left pericardiotomy at the time of surgery reduces the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing surgery on the coronary arteries, aortic valve or ascending aorta, or a combination of these operations, with no additional risk of postoperative complications, according to results from the PALACS trial.
Tricuspid repair during mitral valve surgery slowed the progression of tricuspid regurgitation, but did not reduce mortality in patients with mild-to-moderate tricuspid regurgitation.
According to data from the GOAL trial, when latent rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is detected by echocardiographic screening, secondary prophylaxis with antibiotics is effective in preventing progression of the disease.
Cardiometabolic endoreplication (duplication of the nuclear genome without cell division), resulting in polyploidy and multinucleation, precedes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in heart disease.
Care pathways for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were interrupted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A new cardiac MRI study has revealed that increased total ischaemic time for patients with STEMI during major public health restrictions was associated with increased infarct size and other markers of myocardial damage.
In this Review, Dvir and colleagues summarize and discuss the state-of-the-art technologies that enable the bioengineering of functional cardiac tissues and discuss current and future applications and limitations.
Heart failure with mid-range or mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) accounts for up to 25% of patients with heart failure. In this Review, Lund and colleagues provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, clinical profile, prognosis and potential treatment of patients with HFmrEF.
In this Review, Angiolillo and colleagues discuss the latest evidence and updates on bleeding avoidance strategies in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, including risk stratification, timing of revascularization, pretreatment with antiplatelet agents, selection of vascular access, choice of coronary stents and antithrombotic treatment regimens.
In this Review, Townsend et al. describe the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease across the WHO European Region and call for improved surveillance and monitoring to inform the development and implementation of evidence-based preventive and treatment approaches.
