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There is still no consensus on the anatomical combinations that make up the so-called hypoplastic left heart syndrome. We argue that an intact ventricular septum should now be part of the definition. Addition of this feature is necessary if accurate predictions are to be made about the morphogenesis of the condition.
Impairment of drainage by the lymphatic system is involved in the accumulation of interstitial fluid in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and the development and progression of atherosclerotic plaque.
New research shows that the pyruvate–lactate axis is an important regulatory node for cardiac homeostasis and function and that alteration of this axis is an early event in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and heart failure.
A new study identifies microRNAs that are enriched in exosomes secreted from cardiosphere-derived cells and which are associated with cardiac repair in pigs and humans with dilated cardiomyopathy.
A new study identifies the mitochondrial protein ALDH4A1 as a potential biomarker of atherosclerosis and as a target antigen of protective autoantibody A12, which might have therapeutic potential.
Statin nocebo effects have been demonstrated in numerous randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and active-controlled trials. Emerging evidence suggests that brain pathways might mediate statin nocebo hyperalgesia. Evidence-based pain-management approaches can be used to manage nocebo symptoms that occur during statin therapy.
In this Review, Stone and colleagues compare the outcomes after complete or incomplete revascularization with PCI or CABG surgery in patients with multivessel disease and stable ischaemic heart disease, NSTE-ACS or STEMI, with or without cardiogenic shock.
In this Review, Tschöpe and colleagues summarize and evaluate the available evidence on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy, with special focus on virus-induced and virus-associated myocarditis. The authors also identify knowledge gaps, appraise available experimental models and propose future directions for the field.
This Review summarizes the latest evidence indicating that platelet and endothelial dysfunction are essential components of COVID-19 pathology, describes the potential mechanisms underlying the contribution of cardiovascular risk factors to the most severe outcomes in COVID-19, and highlights the roles of coagulopathy, thrombocytopathy and endotheliopathy in COVID-19 pathogenesis.
Catheter ablation is an important rhythm-control strategy for atrial fibrillation (AF). In this Review, Kalman and colleagues discuss the recommended and evolving indications for catheter ablation of AF, describing the different ablation techniques and highlighting the latest advances in technology that aim to improve its safety and efficacy.
