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Extreme heat events are now more frequent in many parts of the world as a result of climate change. The combined effects of heat, air pollution, individual age, and socioeconomic and health status are responsible for avoidable acute events of cardiovascular disease and need to be considered in order to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases effectively.
A metabolomics approach to assess heart energy metabolism in humans provides new insights into what fuels are used by both the failing and non-failing heart.
A newly identified mechanism of piRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is associated with pathological hypertrophy, cardiac remodelling and heart failure.
A new study shows that crosstalk between the ERBB2 and Hippo–YAP pathways is required for robust cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction. ERBB2–ERK–YAP mechanotransduction signalling and epithelial–mesenchymal transition-like processes in cardiomyocytes can trigger regeneration even after functional deterioration and scarring.
After myocardial infarction in mice, cardiac macrophages produce matrix metalloproteinase 14, which promotes endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cardiac fibrosis and myocardial dysfunction.
A new study identifies a previously unknown paracrine signalling system in the human atrium that is mediated by calcitonin produced by atrial cardiomyocytes and is involved in controlling atrial fibrogenesis and arrhythmia.
The design and limited life of batteries curtails the use of many cardiovascular electronic devices (CEDs). In this Review, Li and colleagues discuss the use of self-powered technology that harvests energy from the body and its ambient environment to power implantable and wearable CEDs.
Current estimates of the prevalence of hypertrophic, dilated and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies are probably conservative because of the overlapping phenotypes, incomplete and age-related expression, and variable penetrance of these conditions. In this Review, McKenna and Judge discuss the clinical and genetic diagnosis of the inherited cardiomyopathies, with the aim of better defining the epidemiology of these diseases.
Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high risk of perioperative cardiovascular complications related to non-cardiac surgery. In this Review, Mehran and colleagues summarize trial data and guideline recommendations on preoperative risk stratification and periprocedural management of patients with CAD undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
In this Review, Tyrrell and Goldstein discuss vascular intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of how ageing promotes atherosclerosis, including changes in myeloid cells, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired mitophagy and elevated IL-6 levels. They propose future steps for research and potential therapeutic approaches for age-related atherosclerosis.
