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Volume 15 Issue 9, September 2018

The picture shows an advanced atherosclerotic lesion in a hypercholesterolaemic mouse, with staining for macrophages, smooth muscle cells, nuclei, and endothelium.

Image supplied by Oliver Soehnlein and Carlos Silvestre-Roig from the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.

Comment

  • Life expectancy around the world has increased steadily for nearly 200 years. This Focus Issue of Nature Reviews Cardiology features five insightful Review articles that describe numerous facets of the latest research on cardiovascular ageing.

    • Edward G. Lakatta
    Comment

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Research Highlights

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Reviews

  • Various intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence the balance between cellular renewal and senescence in the ageing heart. In this Review, Gude and colleagues discuss these factors, including environment, lifestyle, genetics and epigenetics, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and how they might be therapeutically targeted.

    • Natalie A. Gude
    • Kathleen M. Broughton
    • Mark A. Sussman
    Review Article
  • Alterations in mitochondrial function, which are amplified by defective mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanisms, are major contributing factors to cardiac senescence. In this Review, the authors discuss the mechanisms linking defective MQC to organelle dysfunction in the context of cardiac ageing and consider how these pathways might be targeted for the prevention and treatment of age-related heart dysfunction.

    • Anna Picca
    • Robert T. Mankowski
    • Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
    Review Article
  • Cellular, molecular, and functional changes occur in the endothelium during ageing. Ungvari and colleagues explore the links between oxidative and nitrative stress and the conserved molecular pathways affecting endothelial dysfunction and impaired angiogenesis during ageing, and also speculate on how these pathological processes might be therapeutically targeted.

    • Zoltan Ungvari
    • Stefano Tarantini
    • Anna Csiszar
    Review Article
  • Cardiovascular ageing and the atherosclerotic process begin very early in life and progress over decades of exposure to suboptimal metabolic and hormonal risk factors. In this Review, Fontana discusses how various approaches, including calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, regular physical activity, and mindfulness-based stress-reduction exercises, can slow the effects of cardiovascular ageing and promote cardiometabolic health.

    • Luigi Fontana
    Review Article
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