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PCSK9 inhibitors are the most potent LDL-cholesterol lowering drugs on the market. The latest cardiovascular outcome trials of these anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies show positive results with fully-human antibodies, although with modest effect on major adverse cardiovascular events in patients who attain LDL-cholesterol target levels with statin therapy, whereas humanized antibodies are associated with the development of neutralizing antibodies.
The investigators of PRECISE-DAPT devised a five-item score to predict out-of-hospital bleeding risk in patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after coronary stenting. In patients at high risk of bleeding treated with prolonged DAPT, significantly more bleeding events were observed, with no reduction in ischaemic events.
Muscle wasting (sarcopenia) and loss of weight (cachexia) can occur in patients with heart failure. In this Review, von Haehling and colleagues provide an overview of the prevalence and pathophysiological mechanisms of these processes in heart failure, and discuss potential therapeutic strategies, including exercise training, nutritional supplements, and drug treatments.
Mitochondrial metabolism is essential for the dynamic regulation of cardiac and vascular tissues, and the relevance of basic mitochondrial biology in cardiovascular disease is being increasingly recognized. In this Review, the authors explore the physical interaction between mitochondria and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum, discussing how the communication between these two organelles is involved in cardiovascular pathologies.
Antithrombotic therapy, including antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents, is the cornerstone of pharmacological treatment to optimize clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In this Review, Franchi et al. provide an overview of currently available antithrombotic therapies used in these patients, results from pivotal clinical trials and their implications for guidelines, as well as recommendations for clinical practice.
