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In this Review, the authors present an overview of the role of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and klotho in normal mineral homeostasis, discuss disordered mineral homeostasis in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and explore CKD-associated FGF23 excess and klotho deficiency as novel risk factors and potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease.
The FDA-approved drug ruxolitinib has been identified as an inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) that has the potential to be repurposed to treat arrhythmias induced by CaMKII hyperactivity.
In the multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled RAPID trial, use of symptom-prompted, self-administered, intranasally delivered etripamil was safe and superior to placebo for the conversion of paroxysmal superventricular tachycardia to sinus rhythm.
Testosterone-replacement therapy in men with hypogonadism and a high risk of cardiovascular disease does not increase the risk of adverse cardiac events, according to data from the TRAVERSE trial.
New research shows that the reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events associated with light or moderate alcohol consumption is partly mediated by attenuation of the activity of a stress-related neural network.
In this Review, Riksen and colleagues discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms of trained immunity, the activation of these mechanisms by cardiovascular risk factors, and how trained immunity might contribute to atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The authors also propose potential strategies for the therapeutic modulation of trained immunity in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a preventable cause of premature coronary artery disease and death. This guidance article from the International Atherosclerosis Society provides a comprehensive overview of FH care that includes recommendations on the detection and management of patients with FH, as well as strategies to maximize implementation.
The benefits of oxygen therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease are unclear, and findings from preclinical studies have suggested potential adverse effects associated with its excessive use. In this Review, Eltzschig and colleagues provide an overview of studies on oxygen therapy for various cardiovascular conditions and describe alternative therapeutic strategies that target oxygen-sensing pathways.
An antibody-based therapy for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy is safe, and initial findings from a phase I trial suggest that it might deplete amyloid deposits in the heart.
In a diverse population of patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction stabilized after a recent worsening heart failure event, treatment with sacubitril–valsartan induces greater reductions in plasma NT-proBNP levels and is associated with clinical benefit compared with valsartan alone, despite a higher rate of symptomatic hypotension.
The essential omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid γ-linolenic acid present in maternal milk coordinates cardiac adaptation and survival in newborn mice, according to a new study.
Results from the MONITOR-HF trial show that remote monitoring of pulmonary artery pressure using the implantable CardioMEMS sensor in patients with chronic heart failure improves quality of life and reduces hospitalizations.
In this Consensus Statement, Dewey and the other members of the Quantitative Cardiovascular Imaging Study Group provide clinical consensus recommendations on the optimal use of different imaging techniques in various patient populations to detect and assess coronary artery stenosis and atherosclerosis.
In a mouse model of atherosclerosis, a selective monoclonal antibody that blocks the binding of LDL to activin receptor-like kinase 1 reduced plaque formation in the aorta.
Simvastatin improves endothelial cell function by inhibiting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition through an epigenetic regulatory mechanism, according to a new study.
In this Review, Ritterhoff and Tian describe the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure; discuss the contribution of metabolism to energy-generating and non-energy-generating functions, including signalling, protein function and gene expression regulation; and highlight the role of metabolism in non-cardiomyocytes and the potential to develop metabolic therapies for heart failure.
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a major contributor to death from cardiovascular disease. In this Review, Timmis and colleagues present data on mortality from ACS for 122 countries and examine the regional and temporal changes in the epidemiology of ACS over the past 20 years.