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This Comment article argues that genomic, epigenomic and other studies on cancer in diverse populations across low-income and middle-income countries are essential in order to reduce worldwide cancer burden and improve global health.
In a study published in Science Translational Medicine, Zhang et al. report a mechanism of ibrutinib resistance in mantle cell lymphoma that involves metabolic reprogramming towards glutamine-fuelled oxidative phosphorylation, revealing a novel therapeutic opportunity.
In a study published in Nature, Perez-Ruiz et al. report that prophylactic tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blockade reduces gastrointestinal immune-related adverse events in mice treated with dual immune-checkpoint inhibition, providing a clear preclinical rationale for the clinical investigation of such strategies.
Yang et al. identified a patient with metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who exhibited complete response to immunotherapy despite a low mutational burden, and demonstrated that gene fusions were a source of neoantigens in this patient and others.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is essential for cancer cell survival and growth, and can be produced from three different pathways. Chowdry et al. show that lineage and tissue context determine which pathway is used for NAD synthesis in cancer.
A team led by Claire Magnon has revealed that neural progenitors arising from the central nervous system in mice can migrate to and infiltrate primary prostate tumours and metastases, where they differentiate into new adrenergic neurons to regulate the early stages of tumour development.
Di Pilato et al. selectively modulated the function of regulatory T (Treg) cells in tumours by targeting the CARMA1–BCL10–MALT1 (CBM) signalosome complex in only a fraction of Treg cells and showed that this was sufficient to impede tumour growth and prime the tumour microenvironment for immune checkpoint blockade.
Baryawno, Przybylski, Kowalczyk et al. used single-cell RNA sequencing analyses of bone marrow (BM) stromal cells to comprehensively survey the different populations of stromal cells present in the BM of mice and probe how those cells are perturbed during leukaemia development.
Trifunctional antibodies, binding to the natural killer cell receptors NKp46 and CD16, as well as a tumour antigen, show promising activity in preclinical experiments.
Smith et al. report the design of ripretinib, an investigational tyrosine kinase inhibitor that forces the activation loop of KIT and PDGFRα into an inactive conformation and targets a broad spectrum of KIT and PDGFRα mutants in GIST.
In this Viewpoint article, we asked four scientists working on the cancer microbiome to provide their opinions on the current state of the field, where the research is heading and the challenges of implementing this field for clinical utility.
Therapeutic strategies in malignant melanoma are challenged by resistance mechanisms that are based on phenotype plasticity. This Review discusses different phenotypes in melanoma, how they are controlled and how phenotype plasticity contributes to melanoma progression and therapy resistance.
This Review discusses the rapidly accumulating preclinical evidence in support of antitumour, but also of some pro-tumour, roles for γδ T cells in cancer progression. It also outlines the potential for manipulating their functions for use as an unconventional form of cancer immunotherapy.
This Opinion article provides an overview of the mechanisms that regulate sensitivity to ferroptosis in cancer cells and how the modulation of metabolic pathways controlling ferroptosis might reshape the tumour niche, leading to an immunosuppressive microenvironment that promotes tumour progression.
