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Singhal et al. characterized tumour-infiltrating monocyte and macrophage lineage cells in patients with early stage lung cancer and found that, contrary to data in mouse models, the function of these cells might not be primarily immunosuppressive.
Two independent studies have advanced our understanding of local microbiota immunomodulation and provided insight into how potential manipulation of microbial composition could transform treatment strategies for patients with cancer.
In a study published in Nature, Messal, Alt et al. report the use of a new imaging technique that has shed light on the morphology of developing tumours within pancreatic ducts.
Lee et al. show that in a mouse model of melanoma, tumour cells that spread to the draining lymph node adapt to the fatty acid-rich environment in the lymph node by activation of YAP signalling and fatty acid oxidation.
Miller, Sen et al. show that exhausted T cells in tumours contain distinct subpopulations, one of which is long-lived and persistent and, in response to immune checkpoint blockade, can give rise to short-lived cytotoxic T cells that exert tumour control.
In this Progress article, Wu, Jusiak and Lu discuss how synthetic biology-based design principles can be applied to living cells to overcome key challenges in current cancer therapy and generate more robust, specific and effective gene circuit therapies.
Inflammasome signalling in myeloid cells protects against microbial infections. Aberrant inflammasome signalling promotes chronic inflammation, which contributes to tumorigenesis. This Review presents an overview of the diverging roles of inflammasomes in cancer and discusses its targeting potential in anticancer therapy.
In addition to cancer cell-intrinsic effects, tumour growth can be regulated by cellular and molecular cues from the local tissue environment. This Review discusses how differences in cellular components and composition between tissue sites may influence the antitumour immune response, with potential implications for the design of therapeutic strategies.
This Review discusses mechanisms for the increased cancer risk in patients with rare ribosomopathies. As such, defects in ribosome biogenesis that occur in ribosomopathies can mediate carcinogenesis, and mutations in ribosome biogenesis genes have been reported to drive sporadic cancers.
