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An analysis of the structual binding and potency of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors indicates that the inclusion of interactions with the juxtamemebrane domain better reflects the efficacy of these drugs in renal cell carcinoma.
Two prospective studies reported inThe Lancet Oncologyhave shown that mRNA expression signatures from whole blood can be used to stratify patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer into high- and low-risk groups.
A pathway in which alternative splicing of histone variant isoforms regulates transcription of redox metabolism genes has been shown to have a role in tumour cell invasion and might be relevant in human breast cancer.
A new mouse model of adoptive cell transfer for the treatment of melanoma indicates that dedifferentiation of melanoma cells, driven by an inflammatory response, might have a role in resistance.
NAD is a vital molecule in all organisms and is a key component of both energy and signal transduction — processes that undergo crucial changes in cancer cells. NAD+-dependent signalling reactions involve the degradation of the molecule, so permanent nucleotide resynthesis through different biosynthetic pathways is crucial for incessant cancer cell proliferation. Is targeting of NAD metabolism a new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment?
Intracellular signalling cascades initiated by class III receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK-IIIs) and their cytokine ligands are implicated in a wide range of inflammatory disorders and cancers. This Review discusses recent crystal structure data of RTK-III ectodomains in complex with cognate cytokines and the insights that these provide in terms of RTK-III activation, evolution, pathology and new therapeutic approaches.
This article outlines some of the issues surrounding the terminology used for cancer stem cells (CSCs) and how CSCs are defined, with an aim to develop a consensus. More precise reporting of parameters used to identify CSCs is also recommended to enhance our understanding of CSC biology and to ultimately eradicate these cells in patients.
Despite recent advances, the acute and long-term morbidity of current curative therapies can be substantial, and several childhood cancers still have unacceptably low cure rates. Does the development of molecularly targeted anticancer drugs offer the prospect of more effective therapy for childhood cancers?
Although the roles of individual phospholipases and their lipid mediators in cancer have been studied extensively, it is less clear how these enzymes interact with each other and other cellular pathways to affect cancer-associated processes. This Opinion article argues that a thorough understanding of phospholipase signalling networks is necessary to determine whether these enzymes can be targeted therapeutically.
