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Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy can allow for the derivation of rich biochemical images in a label-free manner, which can be used in disease detection. This FTIR image is from a kidney biopsy, highlighting a glomerulus by CH2 asymmetric absorbance. Image by Vishal K Varma, Holly J Butler, Suman Setty, Francis L Martin, Michael J Walsh (University of Illinois at Chicago, USA; Lancaster University, UK), associated with the protocol by Baker et al. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2014.110.
Advances in sample preparation and computation analysis make FTIR of biological materials a rapidly expanding research area. Researchers from a number of universities have collaborated to provide procedures for FTIR analysis of biological samples.
This protocol describes how to pharmacologically induce coordinated rhythmic vibrissa movements that are sustained for several hours in the anesthetized mouse or rat and mimic exploratory whisking.
Full characterization of the metabolic state of a biological system involves quantifying the flux of the biochemical reactions. In this protocol, Arabidopsis rosettes are treated with 13CO2, and 13C-labeled metabolites are analyzed by GC- and LC-MS.
This protocol describes an RNAi-based high-throughput screening strategy for determining genetic interactions between pairs of mammalian genes; the information obtained is then used to construct genetic interaction maps.
Tetrahydroisoquinolines, biologically important organic frameworks, can be prepared in enantio-enriched form via the Poparov reaction using a two-catalyst system consisting of an achiral Brønsted acid and a chiral sulfinamido urea derivative.
Triple Mutant Analysis extends E-MAP to investigate genetic interactions between double mutant query strains and a panel of single mutant candidate strains; it reveals complex genetic relationships that would be missed in analyses of double mutants.
This protocol describes how to develop and use hybrid baculovirus vectors to transduce a range of mammalian cell types, including cell lines and stem cells.
This protocol is for the preparation of hyaluronic acid–based nanoparticles that are coupled to a zinc(II)-dipicolylamine analog that binds to phosphate anions and can therefore deliver the RNA into cells.
iMAD is a genetic screening approach that enables interactions between genes in two different organisms to be investigated. It will be particularly useful in the context of host:pathogen interactions, helping to define genes involved in infection and host response.
This approach uses fluorescently labeled aptamers and graphene oxide nanosheets to adsorb the aptamers and quench fluorescence. Ligand (e.g., ATP or GTP) binding results in the release of aptamers into solution and fluorescence is "turned on".
Crispr/Cas technology is a quick and efficient method of modifying the genomes of a range of organisms. Here the Jaenisch laboratory provides a protocol for CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome modification of mice.
Methylglyoxal accumulates as a result of tissue damage in aging and disease. This quantitative analytical LC-MS/MS procedure can be performed on blood plasma, cultured cells, and plant and animal tissues.
Sesquiterpenes are plant-derived secondary metabolites with applications in medicine and nutrition. This protocol focuses on the metabolite analysis required to inform iterative genetic modification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains designed to produce a specific sesquiterpene.