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Han et al. develop BoCENH3 mutants which trigger paternal haploid induction in Brassica oleracea. On the basis of this haploid inducer line, a workable system is proposed for transferring cytoplasmic male sterility to broccoli inbred lines.
This study reports that in European beech masting, the summer solstice serves as a celestial trigger that enables cohesive timekeeping across distant beech populations, allowing seed production to be synchronized at a subcontinental scale.
Cryogenic electron microscopy structures of DDM1–nucleosome complexes in ADP–BeFx-bound, ADP-bound and nucleotide-free conformations reveal insights into the mechanism underlying chromatin remodelling by DDM1, a key chromatin remodeller involved in plant DNA methylation.
The authors developed a platform for rapid identification of interacting plant immune receptors and pathogen avirulence proteins by library screening in protoplasts, then used it to identify new wheat stem rust Avr genes recognized by known wheat resistance genes.
Glandular trichomes (GTs) are biofactories that produce and store specialized compounds beneficial to plants as well as to humans. Using cucumber, we have discovered a new cell wall structure, ‘neck strip’, allowing GTs to function as biofactories.
Transposable element proliferation poses considerable threats to genomes. A previously unknown methyl reader, MBD2, represses transposable elements during male gametogenesis. MBD2 acts with a high degree of redundancy with other silencing pathways, together preserving genome stability.
This study reports the striking discovery that a water-impermeable barrier known as suberin lamellae was first evolved in the common ancestor of seed plants and contributed to their evolutionary success.
Integrating inventory data with machine learning models reveals the global composition of tree types—needle-leaved evergreen individuals dominate, followed by broadleaved evergreen and deciduous trees—and climate change risks.
Large-scale and abrupt forest decline occurred in Central Chile in response to acute drought. The extreme conditions, unprecedented in the recent history of all Mediterranean-type ecosystems, are akin to those projected for the second half of the century.
Cheng et al. show that the root-derived long non-coding RNA ELENA1 is systemically mobile under nitrogen deficiency in a root-to-shoot manner to calibrate leaf senescence by dissociating the MED19a–ORE1 transcriptional complex.
Cardenolides such as digoxin from foxglove (Digitalis spp.) have been used to treat congenital heart conditions, cancer and other chronic diseases for decades. Here, authors report CYP87A enzymes that catalyse pregnenolone formation, the key entry point to the cardenolide pathway in plants.
During transformation via Agrobacterium tumefaciens, sequence composition of T-DNA (that is, DNA repeats) affects T-DNA concatenation in Arabidopsis. In addition, loss of specific DNA repair proteins dramatically decreases T-DNA concatenation levels. This study showcases the potential of T-DNA concatenation as a tool to enhance gene editing.
This study develops a microbe-induced gene silencing technology by constructing an RNAi engineering microbe to prove the existence of interspecies RNAi in rhizospheric fungi and demonstrate its application in crop protection against fungal pathogens.
The partitioning membrane of dividing plant cells is made by vesicle fusion, involving complex-forming membrane-anchored SNARE proteins. The authors show that the disassembly of cis-SNARE complexes by NSF ATPase enables the formation of trans-SNARE complexes, which mediates vesicle fusion.
Manipulating CENH3 can induce haploids in plants. This study demonstrates a strategy to improve both the procedure and efficiency of maternal and paternal haploid production by manipulating temperature and provides valuable insights into the function of CENH3.
Giaume et al. describe the function of a rice florigen-like protein expressed at the shoot apical meristem, required to promote phase transition and shape panicle architecture.
DELLA proteins modulate the activity of dozens of transcription factors through direct physical interaction. This study shows that this molecular ability is conserved in all land plants but with very different biological effects in different lineages.
This study documents recurrent sex chromosome turnovers in kiwifruit lineages and shows that sexual dimorphism is caused by a pleiotropic effect of a single sex-determining gene, transforming our understanding of the evolution of sex chromosomes and sexual dimorphisms.
A 5,400-year record of climate and olive tree dynamics from the Mediterranean illuminates the detrimental consequences on olive agriculture that ongoing temperature increases will have during the twenty-first century.
Crops with broad-spectrum resistance to multiple diseases are highly desirable in agricultural production. This study reports a natural gene variant that produces a proteasome maturation factor and improves rice resistance to four notorious pathogens.