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This Review article provides an overview of the fundamental origins and important applications of the main spin–orbit interaction phenomena in modern optics that play a crucial role at subwavelength scales.
This review covers state-of-the-art quantum teleportation technologies, from photonic qubits and optical modes to atomic ensembles, trapped atoms and solid-state systems. Open issues and potential future implementations are also discussed.
Optical scattering limits the ability to image or focus beneath one millimetre of tissue in biomedical optics. This Review summarizes recently developed 'guidestar' mechanisms that provide feedback for intra-tissue focusing.
Nanophotonic systems, including photonic crystal microcavities and plasmonic metal nanoparticles, that are capable of changing the rate of spontaneous emission are reviewed and compared.
This Review covers recent advances in the implementation of spin–photon interfaces in semiconductor quantum dots, nitrogen–vacancy centres in diamond and emerging systems such as colour centres in other wide-bandgap materials.