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Attracting objects with optical beams may seem like science fiction, but various schemes already do this, albeit with some caveats and limitations. The most recent progress in this emerging field is reviewed, with particular emphasis on manipulation of small objects by optically induced 'negative forces'.
The intermediate-band solar cell is designed to provide a large photogenerated current while maintaining a high output voltage. Nanostructured materials and certain alloys have been employed in the practical implementation of these devices. This Progress Article reviews the range of different approaches and discusses how to resolve the remaining technical issues.
