The authors propose a framework to be followed during preclinical investigation of nanomedicines to increase their translatability potential.

This Perspective highlights bottom-up molecular engineering and modular nanobiotechnological approaches for developing effective immunotherapeutics and their potential in personalized medicine.

This Review highlights the definition, functions and potential of integrative catalytic pairs in multi-intermediate reactions, as a forward step relative to single- and dual-atom catalysts.

This Review examines conventional epitaxial growth of 2D van der Waals materials, focusing on in-plane single-crystal monolayer growth and out-of-plane homostructure fabrication. It covers nucleation and orientation control, quality control measures, and homogeneous multilayer and twisted homostructure growth techniques, providing systematic insights for on-demand fabrication of 2D van der Waals materials and their industrial device manufacturing.

A nanoscale printing method is developed to fabricate three-dimensional high-refractive index photonic crystals whose bandgap spans in the entire visible range.

Creating precise morphogen gradients for tissue engineering is challenging. Here the authors present mechanically tunable DNA hydrogel-based microbeads for light-controlled morphogen release in retinal organoids for better tissue mimicry.

This work employs nano- to microscale characterization to identify different structural change pathways associated with non-homogeneous reactions within the particles, and explores differences in the failure mechanisms of lithium-rich transition metal oxide materials at different current densities.

Orally administrable and glucose-responsive worm-like micelles have been developed to protect insulin in the gastrointestinal tract, enhance its intestinal absorption, accumulate in the liver and enable efficient and safe blood-glucose management.

Delivering gene editing materials to the brain for glioblastoma therapy can boost the efficacy of chemotherapy. Here the authors reduce resistance to temozolomide using a reactive oxygen species-sensitive polymer-locking fusogenic liposome that can cross the blood–brain barrier and deliver short interfering RNA or CRISPR–Cas to glioblastoma with high specificity.

Atom manipulation in a scanning tunnelling microscope allows the fabrication of artificial topological quantum magnets. Single-atom electron spin resonance experiments probe the many-body topological modes of the quantum magnets and provide a visualization.

The 2024 Kavli Prize in Nanoscience is awarded to three nanomedicine pioneers who laid the foundation of controlled release, biomedical imaging and diagnostics.

Light extraction is a key factor determining the efficiency of light-emitting diodes. This becomes more pronounced in high-refractive-index perovskite light-emitting diodes according to the ray-optics model. Photon recycling and microcavity effect are important ways to break through the ray-optics efficiency limit. However, these two effects are competing, that is, strategies to optimize them are mutually exclusive. For a breakthrough in efficiency, we should favour one of them and inhibit the other.

We present a Focus issue on how the research community is continually pushing the device performance boundaries of 2D transistors and explore the pivotal role that these devices play in the future computing landscape.

Driven by carbon neutral targets, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis is becoming a hot technology due to its capability to convert fluctuating power into green hydrogen. Unfortunately, despite tremendous resources invested in fundamental research, only very few research outcomes have successfully translated into the development of industrial-scale electrolysers.

The use of hyperbole in scientific literature is increasing, undermining effective scientific communication.

Advances in nanoscale engineering bring us closer to unlocking the full potential of perovskite light-emitting diodes for future lighting and display applications.