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Longitudinal sampling of patients with hepatitis C virus before and after elimination of the virus reveals links between functions of the gut microbiome and liver disease.
Prochlorococcus is the most abundant photosynthetic organism in the ocean, but single-cell measurements and model simulations reveal that this organism might obtain only 20% of the carbon required for growth from photosynthesis in the deep water column.
Combining simultaneous host and pathogen metagenomic profiles in a cohort of hospitalized and critically ill patients allows for more accurate diagnosis of sepsis.
Probiotics given to preterm infants not only persist but restructure early-life microbiota, which presents an opportunity to optimize developmental outcomes and a responsibility to fully understand the long-term consequences.
A computational analysis of biosynthetic gene clusters with unique structural features unveils new natural product scaffolds, leading to the discovery of an antibiotic targeting BamA with activity against Gram-negative pathogens.
Plant-beneficial pseudomonads use a type IVB secretion system to kill bacterial competitors and invade biofilms, playing a major role in root-associated lifestyle.
Multidimensional phenotyping links sequencing data and bacterial phenotypic diversity to uncover crucial virulence pathways in the emerging pathogen Mycobacterium abscessus.
Commensal gut bacteria harbour sulfotransferases that metabolize cholesterol and some steroid hormones to produce bacterially derived signals that influence host phenotypes.
Rapid experimental evolution and targeted genetic engineering of Escherichia coli in a stinkbug host reveals that a single mutation can produce a host-beneficial symbiosis.
Identification and analysis of mutator strains in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans show that natural loss of RNA interference triggers massive accumulation of Cnl1 retroelements at subtelomeric regions.
Phylogeny estimation of newly discovered aquatic copiotrophic Rickettsiales indicates evolution of host dependency from extracellular species and the origin of mitochondria from an unknown proteobacterial lineage.
Chikungunya virion assembly is elucidated using cryo-electron tomography to reveal how antibodies protect hosts by blocking virion release from virus-infected cells.
Vaccine immunity against SARS-CoV-2 wanes over time and is generally lower in the older population. Recent studies show that booster doses may increase neutralizing antibodies in older adults and protect against emerging variants, including Omicron.
Enteric Salmonella not only activates the ILC3–IL-22 axis upon infection to provide a competitive advantage over resident microbiota but also invades ILC3s and induces inflammatory cell death, thus limiting infection.
Three different studies identify Asgardarchaeota-linked virus genomes that share commonalities with both prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses, yet they represent independent phylogenetic groups.
Modelling using metagenomic data has revealed partitioning of the ocean into discrete microbial genomic provinces, but climate change might restructure their global organization.
Large-scale CRISPRi chemical genetic screening in Mycobacterium tuberculosis identifies genes altering antibiotic potency and the repurposing of the antibiotic clarithromycin to treat tuberculosis in Southeast Asia.
Bacteria can be engineered to degrade antibiotics in the gut, maintaining colonization resistance against pathogenic bacteria and constraining the expansion of antibiotic resistance genes in mice.
