Genomic and phenotypic analyses of 272 infant-associated Clostridium perfringens isolates suggest that pfoA is an important toxin gene in C. perfringens linked with preterm infant intestinal diseases.

The cryogenic electron microscopy structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cell division complex and antibiotic drug target, FtsWIQBL, suggests a possible activation mechanism.

Comparing norovirus infection in neonate and adult mice suggests age-dependent differences in passive viral uptake, cellular tropism, interferon regulation and viral dissemination.

Sampling beneath the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica coupled to global sequencing datasets reveals an important but overlooked contributor to deep ocean carbon and sulfur cycles.

HecRE is identified as a molecular switch regulating cyclic di-GMP levels and promoting binary cell states during Pseudomonas aeruginosa surface colonization and biofilm development.

Multiomics reveals that sexual differentiation in human malaria parasites, which is essential for transmission, is regulated by competition between phospholipid metabolism and histone methylation.

A conjugative plasmid isolated from Thermococcus enables interspecies transfer across Archaea, whether naturally competent or not, and at temperatures up to 100 °C.

Structural and biochemical analyses show how one archaeon links both sulfur reduction and methane production.

Oil-rich deep-sea sediments are used to culture syntrophic communities of archaea and bacteria that pair petroleum alkane oxidation to sulfide generation.

The plant commensal Bacillus velezensis SQR9 uses its type VII secretion system to deliver effector protein YukE to plant roots, which causes iron leakage and promotes its colonization on roots.

An integrated science–policy–society interface that explicitly considers soil microbiomes is needed to achieve One Health goals.

Microbiota-targeted interventions for malnutrition are under investigation, but complex illnesses associated with malnutrition, such as eating disorders, may not be straightforward to treat.

Evidence that bacterial infection shapes susceptibility to recurrent UTI via epigenetic memory shows that integrated approaches that consider host and pathogen are essential to develop effective treatments.

Diagnosis is the weakest aspect of tuberculosis (TB) care and control. We describe seven critical transitions that can close the massive TB diagnostic gap and enable TB programmes worldwide to recover from the pandemic setbacks.