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In an analysis of severe dengue cases in a cohort of children in India, more than half could be attributed to primary rather than secondary infection, suggesting that primary dengue infections might also contribute substantially to severe disease burden.
Profiling of a case of secondary T cell lymphoma following anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy suggests that it was not caused by CAR insertional mutagenesis, with single-center analysis indicating that secondary T cell lymphoma risk after commercial CAR T cell treatment is low.
Comparison of representation of blind and deaf participants in the All of Us Research Program (AoURP) with CDC national estimates demonstrates that these populations are underrepresented in the AoURP cohort, raising concerns about the generalizability of findings generated using this dataset.
Targeted depletion of TRBV9+ T cells induces remission in a single patient with ankylosing spondylitis, with significant improvements in functional and mobility metrics.
In a large multi-cancer cohort, a single liquid biopsy assay enables the detection of four epigenomic modifications, allowing the monitoring of expression of potential drug targets and resistance genes.
In a retrospective analysis of patients with Lynch syndrome and primary cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, 12% developed subsequent malignancies, suggesting that this treatment may not eliminate risk in individuals predisposed to mismatch repair-deficient cancers, and ongoing surveillance is warranted.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with daily antiretrovirals to prevent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 acquisition has not been shown to be consistently effective in cisgender women. Modeling adherence to daily PrEP clarifies how robust protection can be achieved.
A reinforcement learning model developed to adapt artificial intelligence (AI) predictions to human preferences showed better sensitivity for skin cancer diagnoses and improved management decisions compared to a supervised learning model.
In a study of two children with the metabolic condition D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria type II, the drug enasidenib, developed as a selective mutant IDH2 inhibitor for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, had beneficial effects on cardiac and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, indicating the potential for the repurposing of this drug for this hereditary condition.
DeepGlioma, a multimodal deep learning approach for intraoperative diagnostic screening of diffuse glioma, trained on stimulated Raman histology and large-scale public genomic data, can predict molecular alterations for diffuse glioma diagnosis with high accuracy.
Neutralizing antibody titers elicited by either ancestral or bivalent COVID-19 vaccine boosters are predicted to increase protection against severe disease due to SARS-CoV-2 variants.
The recipient of an allogeneic stem cell transplant from a CCR5Δ32/Δ32 donor shows evidence of HIV type 1 cure, including the absence of a viral rebound over 4 years after stopping antiretroviral treatment.
High-dose ipilimumab plus nivolumab in locoregionally advanced urothelial cancer led to a higher pathological complete response rate than low-dose ipilimumab in cohort 2. Presurgical absence of plasma (but not urinary) circulating tumor DNA correlated with clinical outcome.
With the lifting of the zero-COVID policy and requirements governing reporting case numbers in China, it has become imperative to estimate the dynamics and cumulative infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 to help guide public health responses.
Circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 continue to evade neutralization by COVID-19 vaccines, including bivalent boosters that target the BA.4/BA.5 variants of concern, suggesting that strategies to get ahead of the virus’ evolution might be warranted.
Nucleus accumbens, low-frequency, responsive deep brain stimulation improved self-control of food intake and weight loss in two patients with binge eating disorder and severe obesity
Findings of unrecognized or asymptomatic monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections with replication-competent virus in humans suggest that a lack of recognized, clinical symptoms could play a role in virus transmission and the magnitude of the 2022 MPXV outbreak.
A comprehensive comparison of Alzheimer’s disease blood biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired individuals reveals that plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 capture very early Aβ changes, showing promise as markers to enrich a preclinical population for Alzheimer’s disease clinical trials
Genomic characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5, responsible for the fifth COVID-19 pandemic wave in South Africa, shows continued viral diversification and provides insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the ability of the new lineages to outcompete their predecessors.