Articles

A model investigating 26 possible malaria treatment policy intervention scenarios showed that introducing multiple first-line antimalarial therapies is the most effective single policy change in slowing the spread of artemisinin-resistant pfkelch R561H mutations in Rwanda over 5 years.

In this compassionate use study, treatment of adult patients with H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma with a long peptide vaccine targeting H3K27M led to vaccine-induced peripheral T cell immune responses and encouraging clinical efficacy in the majority of patients, including a durable complete response.

A low rate of Clostridioides difficile transmission within an intensive care unit supports the effectiveness of prevention practices and highlights the greater risk to carriers of toxigenic C. difficile.

Results from the phase 3 placebo-controlled MAPP2 trial show that MDMA-assisted therapy reduces post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and functional impairment in a diverse population with moderate to severe PTSD.

Second-line treatment with axicabtagene ciloleucel, a CD19-targeting CAR-T cell therapy, resulted in high response rates and durable remissions in patients with high-risk large B cell lymphoma deemed ineligible for autologous stem cell transplantation.

The combination of a bispecific antibody against EGFR and MET with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in patients with TKI-relapsed, chemotherapy-naive, EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC is safe and shows preliminary efficacy.

A reinforcement learning algorithm achieved superior insulin titration optimization versus other deep learning models and standard clinical methods in a prospective cohort and in a proof-of-concept feasibility trial.

Analysis of monkeypox virus (MPXV) isolates circulating in Nigeria before the 2022 global outbreak of MPXV sheds light on the diversification of the virus that eventually gave rise to the 2022 MPXV lineage.

In a pooled analysis of six international studies involving about 17,900 female survivors of childhood cancer, the use of doxorubicin was associated with a dose-dependent risk of subsequent breast cancer, irrespective of prior chest radiotherapy exposure.

An analysis of viral genomes and epidemiological data from the 2022 mpox outbreak in Portugal sheds light on the heterogeneity of early transmission events, with national and international linkages.

In people with HIV-1 undergoing antiretroviral treatment interruption, lefitolimod combined with broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) did not delay viral rebound beyond that achieved with bNAbs alone, raising the question of how to optimize combination immunotherapy to control HIV-1.

A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies representing 16 countries found that hobby engagement was associated with better mental and self-reported health in adults aged 65 years and older as well as correlation with higher life expectancy and national happiness levels.

The first feasibility study of orally delivered senolytic therapy in Alzheimer’s disease reports favorable safety data and penetrance of dasatinib into the brain with a modest impact on Alzheimer’s and aging biomarkers.

The NIMBLE biomarker qualification project evaluated the diagnostic performance of five blood-based biomarkers in a cohort of individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and showed good discriminative performance over commonly used laboratory tests in detecting various stages of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis progression.

Longitudinal proteomic profiling of over 1,800 patients revealed two distinct profiles of blood biomarkers measured on admission to hospital for COVID-19, which predict cognitive deficits 6 and 12 months later.

Analyses of 1,277 human brain proteomes reveal the extent of sex differences in the brain and identify genes associated with neuropsychiatric traits that have differential regulation between males and females.

An Omicron BA.4/BA.5 mRNA booster vaccine elicits high neutralizing responses to the BA.4/BA.5 variant and to ancestral SARS-CoV-2, supporting tailoring booster vaccines to the predominant Omicron variant.

Tumor-intrinsic resistance mechanisms, including mutational events and immunoselection of mutant clones, were identified in 30 patients with multiple myeloma who experienced relapse after treatment with anti-BCMA CAR T cells and/or anti-BCMA bispecific T cell engagers (TCEs) or anti-GPRC5D TCE therapy.

In patients with acute heart failure, personalized dosing of a diuretic led to treatment intensification in the majority of patients and improved natriuresis, but had no effects on time to all-cause mortality or heart failure rehospitalization.

A community-led randomized controlled trial in China showed that a pay-it-forward incentives increased the uptake of hepatitis B and C virus testing in men who have sex with men as compared with standard-of-care.