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As data emerge that boosters may help to protect against Omicron, the supply of vaccines to Africa is further squeezed. But fears of the COVID-19 variant may increase uptake, which is worryingly low in some countries.
AI-based models may amplify pre-existing human bias within datasets; addressing this problem will require a fundamental realignment of the culture of software development.
Artificial intelligence algorithms trained using chest X-rays consistently underdiagnose pulmonary abnormalities or diseases in historically under-served patient populations, raising ethical concerns about the clinical use of such algorithms.
A progressive movement disorder in a patient with multiple myeloma treated with anti-BCMA CAR-T cells that might have been related to on-target activity in the brain supports prospective neurologic monitoring after BCMA-targeting therapies.
Biomarker analysis of the phase 3 JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial leads to the development of a multi-parameter model comprising tumor and immune features that might identify patients with advanced urothelial cancer who will benefit from avelumab maintenance therapy.
mRNA technology may be uniquely positioned to tackle a major hurdle for HIV vaccines: the elicitation of broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies. A preclinical study takes the first step toward this goal.
Single-cell transcriptomic analyses of human fetal and neonatal intestinal cells reveal a subpopulation of enteroendocrine cells that produce insulin during development.
An mRNA vaccine platform to prevent HIV-1 infection generated broadly neutralizing antibodies in non-human primates and protected some animals from infection, raising hope that optimization of this approach might lead to an effective HIV vaccine.
Genomic analyses in individuals with index and familial intracranial aneurysms and experiments in vertebrate models identify pathogenic variants in the PPIL4 gene implicated in cerebral angiogenesis and cerebrovascular integrity, through the Wnt signaling pathway.
A first-in-class immune-modulating IDO/PD-L1-targeting vaccine combined with nivolumab in a phase 1/2 trial achieved very promising clinical activity and long-lasting immune responses in patients with advanced melanoma.
Two early-phase clinical trials show impressive response rates and symptom improvement with the selective KIT inhibitor avapritinib, which will provide a much-needed new treatment option for patients.
In a phase 1 trial of patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis, avapritinib, a selective KIT inhibitor, was generally well tolerated, elicited durable clinical responses and led to reductions in mast cell disease burden.
In a prespecified interim analysis of a pivotal phase 2 trial, avapritinib, a selective KIT inhibitor, elicited robust clinical and molecular responses, was generally well tolerated and led to improved patient-reported outcomes in patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis.
In patients with type 2 diabetes and at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, the FREEDOM Cardiovascular Outcomes study showed that a continuous subcutaneous infusion of exenatide via an osmotic mini-pump was non-inferior compared to placebo in terms of cardiovascular safety outcomes.
Lessons from the rapid development, manufacture and distribution of vaccines against COVID-19 must be broadly applied to expedite vaccine development for other infectious diseases.
An effective and scalable cure strategy is a top priority for the HIV research field; this Review discusses recent advances, knowledge gaps, and priority research areas for the next 5 years.