Letters

A global analysis generating high-resolution maps of travel time shows that 91.1% of the world’s population can reach a hospital or clinic within an hour if they have access to motorized transportation, but only 56.7% can do so by walking, highlighting additional inequities for underserved populations accessing healthcare.

Cases linked to superspreading events are estimated to account for 80% of all local transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong in a study with implications for public health policies.

Convalescent plasma for treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is associated with improved survival in a retrospective comparison with matched controls, supporting further study in randomized controlled trials.

A GMP-compliant process for generating human iPSC-derived mesenchymal stromal cells tested in a phase 1 trial is safe and well tolerated in subjects with acute steroid-resistant graft versus host disease.

The randomized-controlled trial ADVICE4U demonstrates non-inferiority of an automated AI-based decision support system compared with advice from expert physicians for optimal insulin dosing in youths with type 1 diabetes.

Longitudinal molecular profiling of copy number alterations in patients with Barrett’s esophagus can identify patients at higher risk of developing esophageal cancer.

In a first step toward developing autologous tissue grafts for the treatment of children with intestinal failure, patient-derived jejunal organoids seeded on scaffolds of decellularized human intestinal matrix formed grafts that had jejunal properties and formed luminal structures when transplanted into mice.

Polygenic risk scores can predict susceptibility to drug-induced liver injury in patients and can stratify cellular viability of iPSC-derived liver organoids and primary hepatocytes from multiple donors.

A single immunization with an adenovirus vector-based vaccine expressing a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces protection against SARS-CoV-2-induced weight loss, pneumonia and mortality in hamsters.

Characterization of a cohort of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection provides insights into the immunopathogenic features of the disease.

Endogenous skeletal stem cells are recruited to form cartilage in mice when stimulated by microfracture surgery together with localized delivery of growth factors, pointing to a new approach for treating cartilage defects.

Analysis of UK Biobank participants with wearable physical activity monitors demonstrates that high-volume physical activity and high-intensity activity are associated with reduced mortality.

A deep neural network applied to smartphone-based vascular imaging can detect diabetes, opening new possibilities for non-invasive diagnosis.

In a cohort of nearly half a million births in Ontario, Canada, maternal cannabis use in pregnancy was associated with an increased incidence of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in the offspring.

Whole-exome sequencing is not sensitive or specific enough to replace the gold standard of tandem mass spectrometry screening of rare inborn errors of metabolism, but can help to reduce false positives and facilitate the timely resolution of ambiguous cases.

In a study of children with high genetic risk aged 2 years or older, a risk score integrating pancreatic islet autoantibodies, genetic factors and family history is highly predictive of type 1 diabetes in the subsequent 8 years.

Transmission dynamics models of COVID-19 and malaria reveal how different scenarios of COVID-19 spread and varying levels of interruption to antimalarial programs could result in increased deaths in sub-Saharan Africa.

Combining fine-scale social contact data with epidemic modeling reveals interactions among contact tracing, quarantine, testing and physical distancing for controlling COVID-19.

Identification in Rwanda of mutations in Plasmodium falciparum capable of conferring in vitro resistance to artemisinin, an essential medicine for the treatment of malaria, underscore the crucial need for surveillance in Africa to safeguard efficacy of life-saving therapies.

Clinical sequencing across a large prospective cohort of patients with myelodysplasic syndrome uncovers distinct associations between the mono- and biallelic states of TP53 and clinical presentation