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A single-cell spatial transcriptomic and proteomic study of immune cells in the human CNS border compartments reveals differences in CNS-associated macrophages across age, perturbation and disease.
A cluster randomized trial in Tanzania showed that the implementation of a decision support algorithm decreased antibiotic prescriptions to children considerably, without impacting clinical outcomes.
Components of the gut virome of 1-year-old children are associated with increased risk of development of asthma later in life, probably through direct interaction between phages and the host immune system.
In a phase 2 clinical trial, an inhibitor of the KCa2 potassium channel, which conducts a repolarizing current in the heart, met the primary endpoint of promoting cardioversion from atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm within 90 minutes of drug administration.
A modelled evaluation of screening and treatment strategies for prevention of cervical cancer in 78 low- and lower-middle-income countries provides evidence to support the World Health Organization’s recommendation of primary HPV testing for women in the general population.
A model evaluating cervical screening, triage and treatment strategies to prevent cervical cancer in women living with HIV in Tanzania provides evidence to support the World Health Organization’s recommendation of primary HPV testing starting at age 25 years with 3–5-year regular screening intervals.
A meta-analysis using the burden of proof risk function identified consistent evidence supporting harmful associations between the exposure to intimate partner violence against women and childhood sexual abuse on health outcomes.
In an ongoing phase 1/2 trial, mosunetuzumab, a CD20xCD3 bispecific antibody, plus polatuzumab vedotin, an anti-CD79B antibody–drug conjugate, had an overall response rate of 59.2%, supporting the potential of this combination for second-line treatment of patients with transplant-ineligible or CAR-T-cell-ineligible relapsed or refractory large B cell lymphoma.
In a large single-arm phase 2 trial, the anti-PD-1 inhibitor tislelizumab combined with the next-generation BTK inhibitor zanubrutinib had an overall response rate of 58.3% and was well tolerated in patients with Richter’s transformation.
A multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of problematic alcohol use in one million individuals identified 110 risk variants and shows that multi-ancestry polygenic scores improve risk prediction compared with single-ancestry scores
In an arm of a phase 1b trial, the combination of divarasib, a KRAS G12C inhibitor, and cetuximab, an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, was well tolerated with an encouraging overall response rate of 62.5% in patients with KRAS G12C-positive colorectal cancer.
In the homologous recombination repair-deficient population of TALAPRO-2, a placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor talazoparib plus enzalutamide led to prolonged progression-free survival compared with placebo plus enzalutamide.
In a prespecified 3-year analysis of the KEN SHE trial, single-dose HPV vaccination was shown to be well tolerated and provided durable protection against cervical HPV infection in Kenyan women aged 15–20 years.
A phase 1 feasibility trial shows that bilateral deep brain stimulation within the central lateral thalamus can be safely applied and is associated with improved executive control.
Deep learning enables comprehensive and interpretable scoring for breast cancer prognosis prediction, outperforming pathologists in multicenter validation and providing insight on prognostic biomarkers.
A four-arm cluster-randomized trial testing the effects of a low cash incentive, a high cash incentive, a health message and a placebo on COVID-19 vaccine uptake in villages in rural Ghana demonstrated highest uptake with a low cash incentive.
Genomic analysis of products of conception collected after spontaneous pregnancy loss in the first trimester reveals previously undetected chromosomal aberrations and a higher degree of mosaic chromosomal imbalances.
In a phase 2 trial, the oral type II RAF inhibitor tovorafenib exhibited an overall response rate of 67% in patients with BRAF-altered relapsed/refractory pediatric low-grade glioma.