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Clinical and population-based cohorts revealed an interaction between the inherited PNPLA3 p.I148M variant and female sex in determining liver disease. Transcriptomic and functional studies showed that the mechanism encompasses ERα-dependent upregulation of PNPLA3 in hepatocytes, highlighting a target for precision medicine therapeutics in cisgender women.
Whole-genome sequencing of Clostridioides difficile from a densely sampled intensive care unit (ICU) population showed that many of these patients harbor toxigenic C. difficile. This carriage did not lead to high levels of cross-transmission but was associated with a greatly increased risk of developing clinically overt C. difficile infection.
In the first-in-human trial of elranatamab, patients with refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma who received the bispecific antibody against BCMA and CD3 experienced no dose-limiting toxicities during dose escalation, and the agent showed promising clinical efficacy.
In a phase 2 trial, the combination of gemcitabine, cisplatin and anti-PD-1 led to a clinical complete response in 43% of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, which facilitated bladder sparing and was associated with long-term bladder-intact metastasis-free survival.
Reactivation of latent SIV with an IAP antagonist, coupled with immunotherapeutic approaches, reduced replication-competent SIV in lymph node CD4+ T cells in rhesus macaques. Further exploration targeting these pathways to reduce the HIV viral reservoir is warranted.
New treatments are essential for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcusaureus bacteremia, but progress is slow. In this phase III–IV trial, cloxacillin plus fosfomycin failed to show superiority over cloxacillin alone, underscoring the challenges to improving patient outcomes.
In a prospective study, an autism screening app administered using a tablet computer to young children showed high diagnostic accuracy and may facilitate a scalable approach to autism screening.
Nature Medicine explores the latest translation and clinical research news, with results from a clinical trial of Novartis' discontinued gene therapy to restore fetal hemoglobin.
As healthcare systems perform better, their resource footprints have an increasingly negative impact on the environment and health — requiring innovative strategies to break this vicious cycle.
In the LUMINA-1 trial for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, garetosmab, an activin A monoclonal antibody, did not lead to significant changes in heterotopic ossification lesion activity in pre-existing lesions in period 1. Garetosmab prevented the formation of new lesions in both periods 1 and 2.
As the search for new and better treatments for Alzheimer’s disease continues, a phase 1 proof-of-concept study evaluating senolytic therapy breaks new ground.
Grown from stem cells, the models recapitulate the hallmarks of post-implantation human embryos up to day 14, opening new avenues of research into early human development.
Analysis using a combination of molecular and genetic epidemiological approaches reveals an interaction between female sex and the genetic variant PNPLA3 p.I148M that might explain why some women have increased susceptibility to fatty liver disease after onset of menopause.
In patients with Crohn’s disease, CD4+ T cells with cytotoxic TH1 cell-like effector functions reactive against dietary and commensal yeasts are increased in blood and inflamed tissue compared with patients with ulcerative colitis and healthy controls.
We asked leading researchers to share new discoveries about SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, from how the virus spreads and the risk of long COVID to the impact of vaccines and masks.
Mounting evidence, including the recent (and unprecedented) phase 2 data on retatrutide, supports a role for incretin hormone agonists in treating obesity. But with great power comes great responsibility.
Produce prescriptions improved fruit and vegetable intake, reduced food insecurity and improved biomarkers of cardiometabolic health, according to a large, retrospective, US-based study.
A model investigating 26 possible malaria treatment policy intervention scenarios showed that introducing multiple first-line antimalarial therapies is the most effective single policy change in slowing the spread of artemisinin-resistant pfkelch R561H mutations in Rwanda over 5 years.
In this compassionate use study, treatment of adult patients with H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma with a long peptide vaccine targeting H3K27M led to vaccine-induced peripheral T cell immune responses and encouraging clinical efficacy in the majority of patients, including a durable complete response.
