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Blood lipid profiling in a pediatric cohort identified lipid species associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. Circulating levels of these lipid markers decreased with weight loss after obesity treatment, highlighting their potential as indicators to monitor cardiometabolic health and the effectiveness of obesity management in children and adolescents.
As GLP-1 receptor agonists emerge as treatment options for conditions beyond diabetes and obesity, it becomes critical to understand how genetic, clinical and sociodemographic differences impact their effects on weight loss.
Next-generation metagenomic testing increases the accuracy and sensitivity of the etiology of central nervous system infections in hospitalized patients.
The I-SPY clinical trial platform was designed to accelerate clinical development of neoadjuvant treatments for early-stage breast cancer. Although it is not without limitations, it provides a model for future response-adapted clinical trials.
Two studies reveal high transmissibility and lethality of the viral isolate in animal models, and hint at potential drug susceptibility — but further analysis and ongoing surveillance of infections will be critical for public health.
In the dose-escalation part of the ongoing phase 1/2 LIBRA4 trial, patients with relapsed/refractory peripheral T cell lymphoma received T cell antigen receptor beta-chain constant domain 1 (TRBC1)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, showing limited toxicity and encouraging preliminary clinical responses.
In a phase 1b trial, treatment of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer with intravesical oncolytic virus cretostimogene grenadenorepvec in combination with nivolumab was safe and led to encouraging preliminary clinical response rates.
By engaging a group of 27 certified radiologists in the United States and India, the accuracy and quality of radiology reports generated by a vision–language model is evaluated, exploring synergistic combinations with clinicians.
We report the first case of a person achieving sustained HIV-1 remission after transplantation with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells that express wild-type CCR5 and thus are permissive to HIV-1 infection. The 53-year-old man received the transplant in 2018 to treat a rare myeloid sarcoma and has not experienced viral rebound since discontinuing antiretroviral therapy in November 2021.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies covering 66 countries reported wide-ranging maternal, fetal and neonatal health harms associated with heat exposure, including increased risks of preterm birth, stillbirths, obstetric complications, congenital anomalies and gestational diabetes.
In a prospective, regulatory-grade study of assistance to pathologists in MASH histology scoring, AIM-MASH-assisted reads by expert MASH pathologists were superior to unassisted reads and decreased inter-reader variability.
The twentieth century saw unprecedented rises in life expectancy in high-income countries, but data suggest that this trend will not continue in the current century without radical interventions to slow biological aging.
In British South Asian women, a culturally adapted and community-informed cognitive behavioral therapy intervention led to higher early recovery rates than the usual treatment.
Techniques for single-cell and spatial expression profiling hold great promise for defining the complexity of metastatic microenvironments, but different methods give different representations. We profile 67 biopsies of metastatic breast cancer using up to 6 different methods, provide a systematic comparison and reveal spatial aspects of breast cancer biology across diverse clinicopathological features.
Single-nucleus and single-cell RNA sequencing plus spatial profiling with four methods of core biopsies from 60 patients with metastatic breast cancer reveal patient-specific gene expression programs of breast cancer metastases that are maintained across time, site of metastasis and spatial profiling method, with spatial phenotypes correlating with microenvironmental features.
Digitally enabled and decentralized clinical trials could enable large-scale recruitment of diverse participants—but careful consideration of the barriers faced by underserved groups will be crucial to their success.
AVATAR therapy, in which patient and therapist interact with a digital embodiment of patients’ auditory hallucinations, effectively reduces distress and symptom frequency, which could be a game-changer for patients.
