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In a re-analysis of a cluster-randomized trial on malaria-control measures, the combined intervention reduces infections up to 3 km from the point of intervention, increasing efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the intervention.
Using a curated dataset of 2,400 cases and a framework to simulate a realistic clinical setting, current large language models are shown to incur substantial pitfalls when used for autonomous clinical decision-making.
Drawing on 51,269 participants across 9 independent, geographically diverse datasets, an AI model identifies the etiologies contributing to dementia in individuals, harnessing a broad array of data, including demographics, medical history, medication use, neuropsychological assessments, functional evaluations, and multimodal neuroimaging.
Electronic health records hold immense potential for providing clinically useful insights for populations and individuals; this Review summarizes the opportunities and challenges, with an emphasis on recognizing and reducing bias.
A multimodal analysis of patients with 22 different immune-mediated monogenic diseases versus matched healthy controls leads to the development of the immune health metric, which could be implemented broadly to predict responses to aging, vaccination and other immune perturbations.
Genomic capacity building is crucial to addressing the unique healthcare challenges on the African continent; this Review delves into the challenges and opportunities, with an emphasis on infrastructure, workforce and policymaking.
A natural experiment reports that US healthcare systems have substantial adaptability but only a moderate level of resilience to disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In a randomized phase 3 trial, neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 plus either paclitaxel and cisplatin or nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin elicited a significantly superior pathological complete response rate versus neoadjuvant paclitaxel and cisplatin alone in patients with resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
In a phase 2 randomized control trial, intermittent senolytic therapy administered to postmenopausal women did not result in a reduction in the bone resorption marker, serum CTx, compared to control at 20 weeks.
In a cohort of 281 children with diagnosed or suspected cancer presenting to the NHS, implementing routine whole-genome sequencing provided clinical benefit in 29% of cases and led to change in management in 7% of patients.
Enabled by augmented muscle afferents, a bionic leg under continuous neural control restores biomimetic adaptations to various walking speeds, terrains and perturbations.
Disparities in mortality attributable to PM2.5 air pollution was more pronounced by race/ethnicity than other sociodemographic factors such as education, rurality and social vulnerability index, according to population estimates using US Census data.
A randomized trial shows that a low-cost, accessible, walking-based intervention reduced low-back-pain recurrence, and could offer a scalable approach to tackling this common condition.
Alzheimer’s disease can be treated by targeting amyloid-β plaques and diagnosed in vivo by biomarkers, prompting the revision of criteria for the diagnosis and staging of this disease.
A multi-modal analysis of pre-metastatic liver biopsies from patients with localized pancreatic cancer with a minimum of 3 years of follow-up shows that immunological, proliferative and metabolomic features distinguish patients who develop metastases from disease-free survivors and can be used to predict outcomes.
