A national prospective study of patients requiring hospitalization for COVID-19 demonstrates global cognitive deficits at one-year, associated with elevated brain injury markers and reduced grey matter volume.

Trained on a medical knowledge graph, a foundation model is used to rank drugs as potential indications and contraindications across 17,080 diseases, identifying therapeutic candidates in a zero-shot framework even for diseases with limited treatment options or no existing drugs and outperforming existing models by a large margin.

Forming the recommendations of the World Bank’s Healthy Longevity Initiative, this analysis finds that the economic impact of avoidable mortality globally is equivalent to 23% of the annual income.

FDA advisory committees provide useful recommendations for decision-making, but optimization efforts could help reduce burdens and improve public understanding.

Using data from a cohort of patients (n = 346) with lung adenocarcinoma and from multiple independent cohorts, DNA methylation signatures were evaluated to build and validate an accurate model predicting the development of brain metastasis.

Individuals with Parkinson’s disease treated with prasinezumab demonstrated slower motor progression over 4 years compared with an external comparator cohort derived from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative observational study.

Using ethnically and geographically diverse metagenomic data, the authors identify microbiota alterations associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). They discover universal IBD-associated bacteria, which serve as the basis for a multibacteria biomarker panel that could support a noninvasive tool for IBD diagnosis.

In participants from a randomized controlled trial, doxy-PEP use over 6 months minimally affected the gut microbiome’s taxonomic composition but increased the abundance and active expression of tetracycline antibiotic resistance genes.

In the phase 3 EVER-132-002 trial, patients with HR⁺HER2⁻ metastatic breast cancer from Asia were treated with the Trop-2-directed antibody–drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan or chemotherapy, and those receiving sacituzumab govitecan experienced prolonged progression-free survival compared with patients treated with chemotherapy.

In a phase 1 trial, pediatric or adult patients with T-ALL who received CD5-targeted CAR-T cell therapy using cells from previous or newly matched donors showed an encouraging clinical response rate, with some severe adverse events that required attention and effective management.

Biological aging clocks are flawed concepts in understanding disease.

Pharmaceutical companies are investing in therapies that target proteins for degradation, with trials ongoing for cancer, autoimmune diseases and neurological disorders.

Daily injection with the weight-loss drug liraglutide was more effective than placebo (both combined with lifestyle interventions) at reducing weight in children 6–12 years of age with obesity.

FDA advisory committees provide useful recommendations for decision-making, but optimization efforts could help reduce burdens and improve public understanding.