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The Council of Science Editors recently organized the participation of 232 journals worldwide in its 2007 Global Theme Issue on Poverty and Human Development. In this issue, Nature Immunology is pleased to contribute two commentaries by Farrar (p 1277) and Gotch and Gilmour (p 1273) discussing this topic. Articles contributed by Nature Publishing Group are freely accessible at http://www.nature.com/povhumdev/index.html. Artwork by Lewis Long.
Jack Strominger recounts his seminal work and contributions to understanding bacterial cell wall components, and thus how penicillin functions, and the implications of these discoveries for immunology.
As part of the Global Theme Issue on Poverty and Human Development, Frances Gotch and Jill Gilmour describe the development of laboratory capacity to support HIV vaccine trials as a model for technology transfer in the developing world.
We will never have a better opportunity to improve public health globally. The question is whether we are shrewd enough, bold enough, and committed enough to make it happen.
Four new papers focused on how interleukin 10–producing cells are induced have led to some unexpected and intriguing observations on the nature of interleukin 17–producing T helper cells.
Many additional effects in HIV pathogenesis are now described for the chemokine receptor CCR5, long recognized as an important coreceptor for HIV, and its ligand CCL3L1.
Thymus-derived regulatory T cells are thought to suppress target cells by either a cell contact–dependent mechanism or the production of inhibitory cytokines. A new study suggests a third strategy of apoptosis induced by the consumption of interleukin 2 and other T cell growth factors by regulatory T cells.
Inhibition of phagocyte activity depends on the ligation of SIRP-α by CD47. New findings show that Sirpa polymorphisms influence the engraftment and tolerance of xenogeneic transplants in NOD-SCID mice.
Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is essential for natural killer (NK) cell development and function, and the adaptor DAP10 transmits important signals in NK cells. New work shows that IL-15 and DAP10 cross regulate each other.
This is an Issue edsumm for 934. Identification of the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum in a marine sedimentary sequence shows that sea surface temperatures near the North Pole increased from roughly 18 degrees Celsius to over 23 degrees Celsius — such warm values imply the absence of ice and thus exclude the influence of ice-albedo feedbacks on this Arctic warming.