Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Immunoproteasomes incorporate three alternative β subunits that catalyze peptide cleavage. Rock and colleagues generate mice lacking all three immunoproteasome-specific subunits and reveal marked differences in MHC class I presentation and CD8+ T cell responses.
Follicular T cells provide help to B cells to elicit antibody responses. Cerutti and colleagues show that neutrophils provide help to marginal-zone B cells that produce T cell–independent antibodies.
Interferon-α is a critical mediator of pathogen-induced thymic involution. Liston and colleagues show that the microRNA miR-29a reduces sensitivity of thymic epithelium to infection signals and protects against thymus involution.
The inclusion of the transcription factor Ikaros in the NuRD chromatin-remodeling complex regulates both the targeting and activity of the NuRD complex in lymphocytes, thereby influencing developmental gene-expression programs.
Lifting the protective shield provided by the type I interferon system selectively in CD169+ splenic macrophages enforces localized viral replication. Such controlled release of virus amplifies adaptive antiviral immune responses.
Harnessing invariant natural killer T cells can boost various immune responses. Two studies now shed light on the direct interaction between those cells and B cells that induce strong primary B cell responses.
The transmigration of effector T lymphocytes is critical to adoptive immune response. The rules for the migration of effector T cells are now reported to be distinct from those that apply to naive and memory T cells.
At the third of the three-part EMBO Conference series “Signaling in the immune system,” immunologists presented their most recent findings in this rapidly moving field and discussed new questions and emerging trends.
The worlds of innate and adaptive immunity collided pleasantly and productively as investigators from each field met in Mykonos for the 4th Aegean Conference on the Crossroads Between Innate and Adaptive Immunity.
Chronically infected mice upregulate expression of inhibitory molecules on exhausted T cells. Harty and colleagues report similar findings in human patients with malaria and show that blockade of the inhibitory receptors PD-L1 and LAG-3 restores antimalaria responses in mice.
Endothelium-presented chemokines are critical for the entry of lymphocytes into tissues. Alon and colleagues show that transendothelial migration, but not adhesion, of effector lymphocytes on inflamed endothelium is dependent on chemokine signals.