Only about 1.07 °C of climate warming above the pre-industrial level is required for fire to substantially diminish the effectiveness of global carbon sinks, suggesting that climate change has already been weakening carbon storage through fire, according to integrated model simulations that consider the interaction between fire and vegetation.

The recent uptick in surface uplift of Chomolungma (Mount Everest) can be partly attributed to isostatic rebound due to increased erosion following a river capture event, according to river evolution and flexural modelling.

The biological pump may dominate ocean carbon uptake under net-negative CO₂ emissions, according to Earth system model simulations of temperature-overshoot scenarios.

A seismic tomographic model shows that the directional dependence of the travel time of seismic waves through Earth’s inner core can be explained by a spatially varying orientation of the transverse isotropy symmetry axis, which is simpler than other proposed structures.

Multidecadal declines in methanesulfonic acid in arctic ice cores reflect increasing anthropogenic pollution in the industrial era rather than declining marine primary production, according to analyses of a multi-century record of methanesulfonic acid from Alaska and atmospheric modelling.

Clinopyroxene offers clues about the inner workings of volcanic systems, as Teresa Ubide explains. Its ability to track where and when magma is stored may also help forecast eruptions.

Sand is an overlooked resource and is being depleted at an alarming rate. Improved management of sand extraction and consumption is imperative to protect sand resources and reduce the impacts of extraction.

Authors can now choose to use Code Ocean upon submission to make the peer review of code easier.

The formation of dolomite eluded mineralogists for years. Jennifer Roberts explains why ‘the dolomite problem’ matters, and how it may now be closer to resolution.

Simple silica exists in many forms on Earth, as Falko Langenhorst explains. Some of these polymorphs can shed light on the Earth’s violent past.