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Framed around the potential use of microglia as new cellular therapies for brain disease, Bennett and Bennett review new discoveries about the effects of developmental origin and environmental signals on brain macrophage identity and function.
This paper offers a primer on transcriptional enhancers in the CNS, using examples of enhancer regulation in the maturing brain and the role of non-coding variation in brain disorders to explain the concepts emerging from functional neurogenomics.
Malignant gliomas recapitulate steps in neurodevelopment to form organ-like structures. Jung et al. review how neuroscience can provide novel insights into glioma biology, and how these insights might be used for future therapeutic approaches.
In this Review, Likhtik and Johansen discuss how modern neuroscience techniques applied to the study of emotional learning reveal new principles for how neuromodulatory systems regulate distributed brain circuits and flexibly adjust behaviour.
Memory retrieval involves interactions between internal or external cues and stored engrams. Identification of engrams in mice permits examination of these interactions at the level of neural ensembles. This review highlights emerging findings.
In this Review, Miller and Sahay discuss how adult-born neurons recruit inhibitory microcircuits to support hippocampal memory indexing and pattern separation.
While we sleep, the brain replays memories of our experiences during the day. In this review, Klinzing et al. provide a concise overview of how the sleeping brain transforms and builds persisting memories through this process.
Considerations of optimality have served perceptual neuroscience well, but accumulating evidence suggests that optimal goals can be achieved by heuristic means. Theory that embraces this is key to uncovering the neural basis of perceptual behavior.
Volterra et al. review evidence that astrocyte-generated signals participate in recruitment and function of neuronal networks underlying memory performance and that signal abnormalities under pathological conditions contribute to cognitive impairment.
