Articles

Oceanic detachment faults play a central role in accommodating the plate divergence at mid-oceanic ridges. Here, the authors show micro-seismicity of a nearly-amagmatic flip-flop detachment fault system at the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge.

Properties of cytidine and adenosine deaminases lead to off-target effects for cytosine base editors (CBEs) and adenine base editors (ABEs). Here the authors report that 25 TadA orthologs could be engineered to generate functional ABEs, CBEs or ACBEs via single/double mutations with minimised off-targets.

Fisher et al. combine sediment geochemistry and climate modelling to reveal long-term synchrony between erosion rates and orbitally-driven climate oscillations in the tectonically-active southern Central Andes.

Weak interactions between substrates and the active site environment have been known to be vital in enzyme catalysis. Inspired by this, the authors synthesize hyper-crosslinked porous polymer-based catalysts with different H-bonds to enhance adsorption and modify the interfacial sites and reactivity.

Understanding the heterogeneity of growth, response to therapy and progression dynamics in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains critical. Here, the authors analyse lesion-specific response heterogeneity in 4,308 mCRC patients and find that organ-level progression sequence is associated with long-term survival.

Until today, genetic tools have been lacking to enable manipulation of amoebal giant viruses (GVs) by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Here, Bisio et al. apply S. pyogenes Cas9 together with pU6- driven guide RNAs to investigate the replication of pandoravirus, a GV replication in the nucleus. Using this tool, they provide evidence for stepwise evolution and genetic expansion of viral gigantism.

In this work the authors investigate the structure-sequence dependance. The ability to design and characterize proteins at interfaces between three common folds suggests that fold switching is an intrinsic feature of protein folding language and likely important in the evolution of protein structure and function.

Efficient metabolic regulation is key for parasite growth. Here, the authors report that Toxoplasma alters its AMPK phosphorylation during the lytic cycle, which reprograms parasite’s metabolism to ensure metabolic needs at different stages are met.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of biomolecular condensates have not been fully elucidated. Here the authors show that the LLPS propensity, dynamics, and encapsulation efficiency of designed peptide condensates can be tuned by subtle changes to the peptide composition.

Exon 27 of the tumor suppressor BRCA2 encodes a portion of the protein crucial for DNA repair, genome maintenance, and tumor suppression. Here the authors show that this domain binds DNA and the RAD51 recombinase to enhance the assembly of RAD51-DNA complexes.

In the absence of transcription, gene expression required for oocyte maturation is regulated by translation of preexisting mRNAs. Here the authors show that a defective program of mRNA translation in oocyte is associated with maternal aging.

Hypercompact CRISPR-Cas12f systems have been engineered to generate miniABEs but these have limitations. Here the authors generate Cas12f-derived miniCBEs and develop miniABEs with improved editing and targeting scopes; they use these to correct pathogenic mutations in cell lines and introduce mutations in vivo.

The limited breakdown electric field and the high dark current hider the application of solar blind avalanche photodiodes. Here, Zhang et al., by lattice and band engineering, construct a unipolar barrier avalanche photodiode with suppressed dark current and reinforced reverse breakdown.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses a hybrid entry mechanism. Upon exposure to low pH, envelope glycoprotein E2 releases an internal loop into the host membrane. Here we show the amino terminal region is a critical determinant for membrane interaction, providing insights into the HCV entry mechanism.

A suppressed energy loss through Dexter energy transfer is crucial to achieve highly efficient blue organic light-emitting diodes. Here, authors synthesize quadrupolar donor-acceptor-donor type thermally activated delayed fluorescence sensitizers and realize device with maximum efficiency of 43.9%.

In this paper the authors demonstrate that auxin efflux in the phloem vascular tissue of plants is determined by antagonism between CLE peptide signaling pathways and phosphoinositide kinases.

Pyroelectricity promises viable heat harvesting and sensing. Here, the authors identify transverse polarization ripple in pyroelectrics via heat localization and propagation decoupling and offer competitive power output to solar thermoelectrics.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by local and systemic immunosuppression, showing limited responses to immunotherapies. Here the authors describe the design of a nanoplatform composed of the lymphopenia alleviating agent cannabidiol and the lymphocyte recruiting cytokine LIGHT, promoting anti-tumor immune responses in GBM preclinical models.

Electron optics draws upon the resemblance between electron and optical waves. Here, the authors report on the observation of electron mode formation in open cavity resonators realized in a GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electronic gas.

The molecular mechanisms underpinning the organization of microtubule arrays remain unclear. Here the authors show that in human cells, the microtubule polymerase ch-TOG promotes nucleation of microtubules at the interphase centrosome and the Golgi through a mechanism that involves transient interaction with the microtubule nucleator γTuRC.