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Whether and how hypothalamic neurons can lose or change their identity in adulthood has remained elusive. Here, the authors show that mature pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc) neurons contain invisible ‘Ghost’ subsets with atypical identities that are recruited in response to obesogenic stimuli.
Ising machines are promising for solving NP-hard problems, but current implementations have power consumption and scalability challenges. Si et al. implement an Ising machine consisting of 80 superparamagnetic tunnel junctions with all-to-all connections and apply it to a large-scale travelling salesman problem.
Thin crystals grown on rigid spherical templates of increasing curvature exhibit increased protrusions. Here, the authors demonstrate the opposite curvature effect on the morphology of molecularly thin crystals grown within elastic fluid membranes, like those of biological cells.
Prior work has identified a male-only effective population size bottleneck 3-5000 years ago. While violent competition has been proposed as a cause, the authors here show that a segmentary patrilineal system with lineal fission provides a peaceful alternative explanation.
Whether bacterial replisome progression follows a “factory” or “track” model remains a long-standing controversy. Here, the authors find that cells can switch between the two models, in a process governed by dynamic chromosome organization processes.
The authors present DenRAM, a hardware realization of spiking neural network with dendritic architecture. It utilizes memristive devices to implement both delay and weight parameters, enhancing low-power signal processing with reduced memory use.
Here, authors demonstrate the electrohydrodynamic printing of alkylated 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine functionalized MXene (AD-MXene) ink. The AD-MXene outperforms vacuum-deposited Au and Al electrodes, providing thin film transistors with good environmental stability due to its hydrophobicity.
Large-scale eDMFT computation reveals that FeO undergoes a gradual orbitally selective insulator-metal transition across the extreme conditions of Earth’s interior, with implications for compositions and conductivity of the core-mantle boundary region.
Intraflagellar transport is essential for the formation and function of cilia. Here, the authors use single-molecule imaging in live C. elegans to show that transport trains are formed by the sequential attachment of proteins before departing into the cilium.
Achieving cost-competitive bio-based processes requires development of stable and selective biocatalysts. In this Perspective, the authors propose an integrated solution combining growth-coupled selection with machine learning and automated workflows to accelerate development pipelines.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are associated with cancer development and IDH-mutant inhibitors are approved to treat IDH-mutant cancer. Here, the authors show in preclinical murine models that wild-type IDH2 is a potential therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer.
Cell metabolism has emerged as a major factor implicated in human brain evolution. Here, the authors show that an ape-specific enzyme enhances the ability of a human-specific enzyme to increase glutaminolysis and therefore expand the size of the human neocortex.
The authors experimentally study a chain of superconducting islands (SI) and quantum dots (QD), where a Bogoliubov quasiparticle occupies each SI. They demonstrate correlations between the quasiparticles in each SI mediated by a single spin on the QD, known as an “over-screened" doublet state of the QD.
Identifying active compounds for a target is time- and resource-intensive. Here, the authors show that deep learning models trained on Cell Painting and single-point activity data, can reliably predict compound activity across diverse targets while maintaining high hit rates and scaffold diversity.
This is the first report on a virus infecting the amoeboflagellate Naegleria, including the lethal human pathogen N. fowleri. The new virus isolate, Catovirus naegleriensis (Naegleriavirus, NiV), shows hallmarks of giant viruses (Nucleocytoviricota) and unique adaptations to its protist host.
The communication of colour information stands as one of the most immediate and widespread methods of interaction among biological entities. Xu et al. report an electrochromic neuromorphic transistor employing color updates to represent synaptic weight for real-time visualised in-sensor computing.
Cells carrying EZH2 mutations found in lymphoma show a specific transcriptional response to PRC2 inhibition. A longitudinal study reveals unexpected genetic heterogeneity in follicular lymphomas, with implications for therapeutic strategies.
This large-scale cross-ancestry genome-wide association study reveals the genetic architecture of serum urate across ancestries and identifies urate-associated diseases and potential targets of urate-lowering drugs.