By contacting a solid oxide fuel cell to a microelectromechanical system inside an environmental electron microscope, the authors establish links between environmental conditions (gas atmosphere, temperature), cell voltage and atomic-scale structure.

Low-temperature spectroscopy of single fluorescent molecules can be of use to study dynamics in the nano-environment around them. Here, Smit et al. show that the fluorescence wavelength of molecules on the surface of hexagonal boron-nitride is particularly sensitive to how clean this surface is.

Herein, the authors develop a transformer-based language model to automate synthesis protocol extraction from heterogeneous catalysis literature. Embracing digital advances in catalysis demands a shift in data reporting norms, and they offer guidelines for writing protocols, which improve machine readability.

The photonic applications of hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in anisotropic van der Waals materials are currently limited by their low tunability. Here, the authors report the static and ultrafast wavevector modulation of HPhPs in hexagonal boron nitride by tuning the plasma frequency of doped semiconductor substrates.

How and via which mechanism the energy transfers between scales in imbalanced Alfvénic turbulence is an open question. Here, the authors show that the energy transfer of imbalanced Alfvénic turbulence is completed by coherent interactions between Alfvén waves and co-propagating anomalous fluctuations.

How and via which mechanism the energy transfers between scales in imbalanced Alfvénic turbulence is an open question. Here, the authors show that the energy transfer of imbalanced Alfvénic turbulence is completed by coherent interactions between Alfvén waves and co-propagating anomalous fluctuations.

High-resolution 2-km Antarctic maps reveal higher snowfall and surface melt than low-resolution products, reconciling satellite-observed ice sheet mass change. Projected higher surface melt near grounding lines threatens future ice shelf stability.

Vertical tearing promotes continuous segmentation of subducting plates, but its dynamics and physical controls remain debated. This work indicates that trench geometry and plate rheology control the self-sustained process of vertical tearing.

Here, the authors describe a pathogenic fungus from a 400-million-year-old fossil plant from the Devonian Rhynie Chert in Scotland. They use advanced imaging methods to determine that the fungus belongs to the sac fungi, the most diverse group of Fungi today.

During the 2022 Hunga Volcano eruption, 10 km³ of seafloor material was removed, fueling long-run out seafloor density currents. These powerful currents damaged seafloor cables over a length of >100 km, reshaped the seafloor, and caused mass-mortality of seafloor life.

The early stages of viral fusogen conformational change required for enveloped viruses to infect cells is unclear. Here, authors capture the herpesvirus fusogen, glycoprotein B, in early transitional states by cryo-EM.

Protein serial crystallography at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) is a powerful technique for structure determination. Here, authors present a device for sample delivery designed to abate challenges to non-specialists allowing for compound screening.

Convergent strains, those containing characteristics of both multidrug-resistant & hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae, are a global threat to public health. In this work, authors analyse convergent isolates from the United States and reveal unexpectantly low virulence.

Innate immune responses to mRNA vaccines are less well understood than adaptive immunity. Here, the authors comprehensively characterize the innate and adaptive immune responses to mRNA-1273 vaccinations in rhesus macaques and show how the vaccine activates interactions among components of the two systems.

Paneth cell metaplasia (PCM) typically arises in diseases intrinsic to the gastrointestinal tract; however, whether extra intestinal diseases can trigger PCM and the mechanistic pathway by which PCM develops is unknown. Herein, the authors show in an inducible murine model of chronic myelogenous leukaemia that a systemic inflammatory state can trigger IL-33- mediated IL-9 production that leads to small intestinal remodelling and PCM.

Manganese is an essential trace element for the activity of arginase in the process of urea generation and ammonia disposal in the liver. Here, the authors show that fructose overconsumption impairs hepatic Mn homeostasis and ammonia disposal in male mice.

Determining the prevalence of Long COVID is challenging because many symptoms attributed to the syndrome could have other causes. Here, the authors estimate the prevalence of Long COVID in Scotland by comparing rates of symptoms reported by people with and without history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is increasingly used for preserving and evaluating donor livers before transplantation. Here, the authors demonstrate increased regenerative protein profiles in the bile of perfused livers considered suitable for transplantation, providing insight into the mechanisms linked to recovery of the biliary tree following ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Changes of left ventricular structure are used to predict morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular diseases. Here the authors conducted a study using advanced deep learning technology to analyze left ventricular regional wall thickness (LVRWT) in a large population, identifying 72 significant genetic loci linked to LVRWT traits.

Tumour-microenvironment interactions, pivotal in cancer progression, are challenging to replicate in vitro. Here, the authors use single-cell RNA-seq to analyse these interactions in colorectal cancer within organoid models, and aim to emulate and understand these crucial interactions by introducing specific microenvironmental components.

Risk of isolation is expected to disproportionately affect racial minority populations in the U.S. as sea level rise increases. Communities with more renters, older adults, and lower-income populations will also be impacted.

A new study explores the global feasible supply of steel and cement within Paris-compliant carbon budgets, explicitly considering uncertainties in the deployment of infrastructure and it shows that feasible supply may fall short of expected global demand.

Social networks often segregate based on political identities. We show that such segregation is reduced when people know how others behave towards those from their outgroup and ingroup

The estimates of the societal costs of carbon currently used for policy evaluations may be too low due to an insufficient representation of tropical cyclone damage. Accounting for them substantially increases the estimated benefits of climate change mitigation measures.

While accounting for intrinsic differences between short- and long-lived greenhouse gases, solely relying on soil carbon sequestration in grasslands to offset warming effect of emissions from current ruminant systems is not feasible