Cascaded nonlinear optics has long enabled advances in short-wavelength generation, but equivalent approaches for long wavelengths remain underdeveloped. Here, the authors demonstrate a chip-based lithium niobate platform that delivers tunable mid-infrared light, opening new possibilities for sensing, spectroscopy, and communications.

Block copolymer self-assembly enables complex nanostructures including spherical micelles, continuous cubic gyroids and Frank-Kasper phases. Here, the authors show how film surface self-assemblies of binary and ternary block copolymer micelle alloys pave a path to controlled multicomponent assemblies.

As a result of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), many fluorophores show only weak emission when incorporated into covalent organic frameworks. Here, the authors report the development of emissive COFs from ACQ chromophores by an energy level matching strategy.

Resonant dispersive wave (RDW) emission enables tunable few-femtosecond UV pulses which can be useful for ultrafast science. Here, the authors investigate ultrafast relaxation and structural evolution of morpholine with enhanced temporal resolution, following excitation via RDWs.

It is challenging to design membranes for oil-water separations due to unfavorable pore structures. Here, the authors use an electrohydrodynamic strategy, designing a membrane with a stem-leaf architecture to separate oil-water emulsions.

Boron isotopes in cold-water corals reveal that acidification in the California Current and Salish Sea has outpaced atmospheric CO₂ over the industrial era, posing a threat to ecosystems of ecological, cultural and economic value.

Soil viruses may impact soil carbon cycle. Here, the authors use metagenomic analysis of contaminated soil and 13 C labeled microcosm incubation to show that the DNA viral community enhances microbial carbon fixation capacity via auxiliary metabolic genes.

This study identifies 95 interrelated barriers to building decarbonization, showing that social, political, and behavioral factors, alongside technical ones, inhibit the adoption of low carbon solutions across the sector.

The study shows that gyre-scale ocean dynamics, driven by wind stress curl anomaly, were the main cause of the 2013-15 and 2019-20 northeast Pacific marine heatwaves via poleward warm water advection, while surface heat fluxes explain their decay.

Dust preserved in Siberian ice wedges reveals shifts in wind patterns during the last glacial stage. Long-range dust transport from China to the Arctic operated under similar mechanisms as today but was blocked during the Last Glacial Maximum.

Accurate quantification of intracellular ATP is essential for comparing ATP levels across different organelles, cell types, and samples. Here, authors develop a fluorescence lifetime indicator called qMaLioffG for quantifying ATP, with demonstrations including spheroids and the Drosophila brain.

It is commonly thought that bacterial species borders tend to be fuzzy, due to frequent exchange of DNA. Here, Diop et al. quantify the patterns of gene flow between core genomes across 50 major bacterial lineages, showing that defining species using a framework inspired by the Biological Species Concept allows to identify clear species borders in most lineages.

Making use of phylogenomic and transcriptome analysis of 20 plant species, including 14 gymnosperms, Sondervan et al. uncover candidate ovule genes and find that orthologs with differential tissue expression patterns across species most influence major evolutionary splits of seed plants.

DNA methylation is a critical biomarker for disease detection, yet current methods often compromise DNA integrity or lack sufficient accuracy. Here, the authors introduce Ultra-Mild Bisulfite Sequencing, a technique that enables highly sensitive, robust, and accurate detection of 5mC.

The GroEL/ES chaperonin can act during protein synthesis to promote folding. Here, Roeselová et al. show how GroEL captures, remodels and sequesters nascent proteins in its central chamber, while they remain tethered to the ribosome.

Children living with HIV face a heightened risk of iron deficiency, yet optimal prevention and treatment strategies remain elusive. In these three prospective studies in South African children living with HIV, the authors show reduced dietary iron absorption but adequate absorption from iron supplements. Prebiotics may enhance efficacy and safety of oral iron supplementation in iron-deficient children living with HIV.

Cellular state cooccurrence signatures, such as carcinoma ecotypes may serve as potential biomarkers of response to cancer immunotherapy, however, their clinical utility remains unexplored. Here, the authors analyse large real world immunotherapy cohorts and gene expression data and develop a predictive model for response.

Here, the authors show that a human gut fungus, Clavispora lusitaniae P4013B, alleviates colitis in mice through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, in turn mediated by its metabolite indole-3ethanol, indicating its potential as a probiotic for inflammatory bowel disease.

Insulin signaling pathway is critical for glucose homeostasis maintenance. Here, the authors identify a role for DNAJA2 in regulating insulin signaling and glucose metabolism, loss of which causes insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes phenotypes.

The authors assembled a high-resolution genome of Trypanosoma cruzi and, integrating transcriptomics, proteomics, and patient antibody responses, uncovered that this pathogen uses antigenic variation, suggesting strategies of infection persistence.

Sulfide solid electrolytes show potential for safer, higher-performance batteries, but costly Li₂S precursors hinder commercial adoption. Here, authors develop a scalable, potentially eco-friendly Li₂S synthesis method that reduces its production costs, which could facilitate wider deployment of sulfide solid electrolytes.

This study identifies 95 interrelated barriers to building decarbonization, showing that social, political, and behavioral factors, alongside technical ones, inhibit the adoption of low carbon solutions across the sector.

Wild pollinator loss in Europe could cut crop yields by 8%, reduce exports, and raise food prices. Despite market adjustments, global annual welfare would decline by €34 billion in 2030, with EU consumers in states resisting biodiversity policies hit hardest.

The authors show evidence from a German funding line that a lottery-first approach followed by peer review is accompanied by increased female representation both at the submission stage and among funded projects as well as by lower estimated costs.

This work introduces BraDiPho, an open-access resource of interactive 3D human brain models, integrating layer-by-layer dissections with tractography, cortical parcellations, and tools for multimodal white matter anatomical studies.