Direct synthesis of ketones from aldehydes features high atom- and step-economy. Here, the authors develop two- and three-component reactions for the synthesis of ketones from aldehydes via alkyl C(sp³)-H functionalization under photoredox cooperative NHC/Pd catalysis.

The reactivity between lithium and a liquid electrolyte leads to degradation of a lithium metal battery, resulting in the depletion of the liquid electrolyte. Here, authors develop a composite layer that can mitigate the reactivity and consequently enable long-cycling lithium metal batteries.

Twisted bilayer graphene hosts a zoo of rich correlated electronic phases. Here, the authors explore the phase diagram of a twisted bilayer graphene/tungsten diselenide heterostructure and uncover a series of delicate Fermi surface reconstructions and signatures of orbital magnetism.

Cell location information is important for understanding how tissue is spatially organized. Here, the authors develop CeLEry, a machine learning method that aims to recover cell locations for single-cell RNA-seq data by leveraging information learned from spatial transcriptomics.

This study demonstrates the effectiveness and generality of utilizing ultrathin Cu-based hydrotalcite-like hydroxy salts as catalysts for infrared light-driven CO₂ reduction based on their d-d orbital transition mechanism.

Methane, a powerful greenhouse gas, has comparable anthropogenic and natural sources, complicating emission control. Increasing reactive chlorine has been proposed for mitigation. This study assesses the global environmental impacts of such proposal.

Micrometre scale simulation of the trajectory of sunlight as it reaches the snowpack shows what snow looks like from the photon’s perspective, providing a more universal representation of snow in optical models.

Europe’s aviation must reduce more than just flight CO₂ emissions to achieve net-zero. Synthetic fuels and carbon capture and storage could help but decreasing air traffic is crucial due to non-CO₂ climate impacts and resource constraints.

Building data is needed for assessing progress towards urban Sustainable Development Goals. An international team of scientists studies the spatial distribution of buildings in all cities globally and unveils their uneven coverage in OpenStreetMap.

Petrels are wide-ranging, highly threatened seabirds that often ingest plastic. This study used tracking data for 7,137 petrels of 77 species to map global exposure risk and compare regions, species, and populations. The results show higher exposure risk for threatened species and stress the need for international cooperation to tackle marine litter.

Accurate identification of intact glycopeptides from mass spectrometry data is essential for the characterization of glycosylation events in biological samples. Here, the authors propose GlycanFinder, a database search and de novo sequencing tool for the analysis of intact glycopeptides.

Existing methods for detecting DNA methylation (5mC) are less accurate and robust. Here, the authors develop a deep learning tool ccsmeth and a Nextflow pipeline ccsmethphase for genome-wide 5mCpG detection and phasing with high accuracy from CCS reads in human.

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a bone disease caused by mutations in tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Here, authors solved the crystal and cryoEM structures of TNAP, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying HPP.

Metacognition is fundamental for regulating learning speeds and memory retention. Here, the authors demonstrate that reinforcement learning mediates this process in implicit motor learning, maximizing rewards and minimizing punishments.

Digoxin is a heart medicine extracted from plants, but how plants synthesize it is largely unknown. Here Carroll et al. identify a novel enzyme for digoxin biosynthesis, paving the way to produce digoxin and other structurally similar drugs in microbes.

Here the authors present interim results from a clinical trial of a protein-based tetravalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (SCTV01E). SCTV01E demonstrates a comparable safety profile to a bivalent protein vaccine, while exhibiting superior immunogenicity compared to both a bivalent protein vaccine and an mRNA vaccine.

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a bone disease caused by mutations in tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Here, authors solved the crystal and cryoEM structures of TNAP, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying HPP.

The neuroanatomical heterogeneity of depression is not well understood. Here, the authors identify four latent factors which characterise different patterns of gray matter morphology and are related to clinical symptoms.

Traditional type 2 diabetes (T2D) screening methods often depend on age, BMI guidelines and glucose measurements. Here, authors use a deep learning model that leverages chest radiographs and electronic health record data to screen for T2D, highlighting potential for early detection and intervention.

Emerging high-plex imaging technologies are limited in resolving subcellular biomolecular features. Here, the authors propose a spatial histopathology tool that allows for high-plex protein staining and physical expansion, while retaining the lateral tissue expansion.

Building data is needed for assessing progress towards urban Sustainable Development Goals. An international team of scientists studies the spatial distribution of buildings in all cities globally and unveils their uneven coverage in OpenStreetMap.

Extent and spatial patterns of settlements and infrastructures strongly affect resource demand of national economies worldwide. Their influence on final energy and CO2 emissions is almost as large as that of gross domestic product (GDP).

The authors show that there is a positive and linear relationship between the probability of intending to pursue math and math performance, and that this relationship is stronger among boys than among girls.

This paper shows that integrating diverse stakeholders into management plans results in better protection, especially for those most vulnerable to the impacts of natural resource depletion.

To ensure the privacy of processed data, federated learning approaches involve local differential privacy techniques which however require communicating a large amount of data that needs protection. The authors propose here a framework that uses selected small data to transfer knowledge in federated learning with privacy guarantees.