The rise in battery production faces challenges from manufacturing complexity and sensitivity, causing safety and reliability issues. This Perspective discusses the challenges and opportunities for high-quality battery production at scale.

The difluoromethyl group is a crucial fluorinated moiety, and the synthesis of chiral CF₂H-containing analogs is a powerful strategy in drug design and screening. Here, the authors report a strategy for the asymmetric construction of carbon stereocenters featuring a difluoromethyl group via nickel-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling.

Balancing comfort, wearability and integration for human-machine interaction systems is difficult. The authors develop a hybrid-fabric wristband system, where spun-film sensors are integrated into textiles, enabling a lightweight, breathable, and stretchable device.

High luminescence efficiency is difficult to achieve in metal nanoclusters. Here, the authors add multiple metal cations to gold nanocluster which suppress structural motions and manage electron transfer dynamics, realizing near-unity efficiency.

Enhanced mitophagy has been recognized as crucial mechanism to sustain cellular homeostasis in hypoxic tumors. Here, this group fabricates an azocalix[4]arene-modified supramolecular albumin nanoparticle codelivering hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and sulfur-substituted methylated nile blue analog, capable of inducing cascaded oxidative stress via regulating mitophagy for hypoxic tumors treatment.

This study examines Direct Air Capture’s role in climate-neutral aviation via synthetic fuels or carbon removal. It finds Direct Air Capture-based fuels can cost-effectively mitigate CO₂ and non-CO₂ effects if cheap renewable energy is used.

The high topography of the northern Scandinavian mountains is isostatically supported by low density, metamorphic eclogite above an unusual high density/low velocity mantle.

The realization of translucent color organic solar cells with competitive efficiency, visible transparency and hue remains a critical challenge. Here, the authors fabricate translucent organic solar cells with a Fabry–Pérot microcavity optical coupling layer for applications in science and art.

Using the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) as an example, this perspective discusses actions that recognize the sovereign rights of Indigenous Peoples and support better research across all Earth Sciences.

Deep mantle earthquakes (10–20 km) are reported beneath the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, likely triggered by CO₂ degassing in mantle melt. This highlights a link between melt behavior and earthquake mechanisms, offering insights into deep mantle processes.

Cheek swabs are widely used in pediatric epigenetic studies, but changes in their cellular composition with age are unclear. Here the authors show that buccal epithelial cells decline with age until adolescence, then stabilize, while variability increases with age, impacting the precision of tools like the PedBE clock in pediatric epigenetics.

Precise adaptation of motor timing is vital in sensorimotor coordination. Here, the authors show that mice can rapidly adjust conditioned eyelid closure between delay and trace eyeblink conditioning, and that this adaptation is dependent on the modulation of medial prefrontal cortex activity.

Overall survival in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer is improved by immunotherapy but individual responses widely vary, and predictive biomarkers are urgently needed. Here authors show that multimodal markers, based on clinical, pathological, radiological, and transcriptomic data are more reliable at patient risk stratification than unimodal markers, considering one type of input data only.

Mechanisms underlying excess risk of heart failure among people with HIV are unclear. Here, the authors identify a proteomic signature enriched in immune activation and extracellular matrix remodeling that may reflect shared pathways in HIV and aging that contribute to risk of heart failure.

Here the authors show that contemporary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are evolving towards the upper respiratory tract while causing less severe disease in the lung. The more antigenically distinct variant JN.1 fails to transmit in the male hamster model and causes reduced pathology.

Mechanisms underlying excess risk of heart failure among people with HIV are unclear. Here, the authors identify a proteomic signature enriched in immune activation and extracellular matrix remodeling that may reflect shared pathways in HIV and aging that contribute to risk of heart failure.

Overall survival in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer is improved by immunotherapy but individual responses widely vary, and predictive biomarkers are urgently needed. Here authors show that multimodal markers, based on clinical, pathological, radiological, and transcriptomic data are more reliable at patient risk stratification than unimodal markers, considering one type of input data only.

While the metabolic benefits of physical exercise are well known, it is less clear whether exercise can prevent cardiac damage in diet-induced obesity. Here, the authors show that while exercise prevented weight gain in mice, it surprisingly worsened heart damage due to excessive lipid uptake and lipotoxicity.

Cheek swabs are widely used in pediatric epigenetic studies, but changes in their cellular composition with age are unclear. Here the authors show that buccal epithelial cells decline with age until adolescence, then stabilize, while variability increases with age, impacting the precision of tools like the PedBE clock in pediatric epigenetics.

Here, Li et al. report a two-component system, GrpP/GrpQ, which promotes UPEC pathogenicity. Mechanistically, GrpP/GrpQ directly activates type 1 fimbria expression to promote UPEC invasion in response to D-serine in the host urine.

Using the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) as an example, this perspective discusses actions that recognize the sovereign rights of Indigenous Peoples and support better research across all Earth Sciences.

This study examined the role of age and culture in determining spatial-numerical associations. Results showed all groups displayed implicit left-to-right biases, suggesting a biological basis for space-number associations, independent of age and culture.

As climate change drives more frequent extreme heat, this study reveals how global trade has intensified heat exposure for workers. Between 1995 and 2020, labour exposure to extreme heat rose by 89%, with many workers now spending nearly half their work hours in dangerous temperatures.

Decisions on where to source nickel for use in low-carbon technologies must consider the biomass losses caused by mining. This study found that, in many cases, these unaccounted emissions were significant relative to other Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions from nickel extraction and processing.

This study investigates wildfire protection disparities in California, finding that disadvantaged communities have greater destruction risk. Lower rates of residential roof renewals in disadvantaged communities are a contributing factor.