Scintillators are widely used for radiation detection and require proper calibration in such applications. Here the authors discuss a Bayesian inference and machine learning method in combination with the Compton-edge probing that can describe the non-proportional scintillation response of inorganic scintillators.

Lithium carbonate-promoted mixed rare earth oxides can be used as redox catalysts for OCM at 700 °C and achieve a single-pass C2+ yield up to 30.6%. The high activity is assigned to the peroxide and OH radicals induced by Pr⁴⁺ in the redox catalyst.

Achieving successful in vivo cartilage regeneration remains challenging. Here they present a cell-free, multiple hydrogen-bond crosslinked hydrogel loaded with tannic acid and Kartogenin with ultra-durable mechanical properties and stage-dependent drug release behavior to promote cartilage regeneration.

Using highly sensitive and selective in situ techniques to investigate the dynamics of intermediates formation is key to better understand reaction mechanisms but investigating the early stages of solid-state reactions or transformations is still challenging. Here the authors use in situ fluorescence spectroscopy to observe the evolution of intermediates during a two-step [2 + 2] photocycloaddition process in a coordination polymer.

Quantum-dot light-emitting diodes may exhibit anomalous efficiency enhancement upon electrical stress, as revealed by the authors, resulting from the continuous deterioration of cathode contacts.

Time series of high spatial resolution ocean temperature, salinity and velocity across Drake Passage show that compensating trends across the frontal regions yield no acceleration in net transport over the last 15 years despite increased wind stress.

This paper shows the inherent coupling of winter cold extremes over land and marine heatwaves in the past decade. These events are projected to recur with increased frequency, especially when ocean fronts undergo anomalous decadal warming.

In this study, the authors use a dataset of stable isotope compositions of otoliths from Atlantic bluefin tuna to infer the thermal sensitivity of metabolic performance in their first year of life. They then assess the likely trajectories of tuna production until end century under differing emission scenarios in their two main spawning grounds, the western Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea.

The authors study microbial communities in hydrothermally heated, subseafloor sediment layers. They find that microbial abundance and diversity decrease with sediment depth and temperature, and provide evidence for the existence of a specialized deep, hot biosphere.

The estimates of the societal costs of carbon currently used for policy evaluations may be too low due to an insufficient representation of tropical cyclone damage. Accounting for them substantially increases the estimated benefits of climate change mitigation measures.

Interpretation of lipid-like densities in cryo-EM structures of membrane proteins is challenging. Here authors present LipIDens, enabling molecular dynamics analysis of protein-lipid interactions.

Formic acid (FA) is a promising CO2-equivalent feedstock for onecarbon biorefinery, but microbial host that can efficiently utilize FA is unavailable. Here, the authors engineer a non-native closed loop in Vibrio natriegens and demonstrate its application in promoting FA utilization.

The mechanisms of episodic memory are not well understood. Here, the authors show that the reactivation of non-spatial information precedes the reactivation of spatial information, and that both are correlated with hippocampal sharp-wave ripples.

Host-parasite interactions can lead to negative frequency-dependent selection. Here, the authors sequence the genomes of H. bakeri and H. polygyrus, parasites of house and wood mice, respectively, and find that proteins that interact with the host immune response are often highly diverse.

Soil-borne wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) poses a serious threat to global wheat production. Here, the authors report that the nuclear inclusion protease-a produced by WYMV interacts with a small peptide catalyzed by TaRD21A protease activity to mediate WYMV resistance through activating MAPK signaling pathway.

Type-1 diabetes pathogenesis has been strongly linked with changes in the intestinal microbiota. Here, the authors demonstrate that mice susceptible to type-1 diabetes become resistant when co-housed with resistant mice, an effect that was associated with changes in gut microbiota, gut permeability, and the immune system.

Understanding the immune responses of school-aged children to SARS-CoV-2 is important for designing public health measures. Here, the authors report findings from cross-sectional and longitudinal anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody measurements in a school-based study in Zurich, Switzerland, from 2020-2022.

Seasonal influenza vaccines typically fail to induce cross-protective antibody responses. Here, Van Reeth et al. sequentially vaccinate pigs with diverse H1N1 viruses and show that this strategy induces antibodies against a panel of H1N1 strains from swine and humans and protects against antigenically mismatched strains.

Why β-amyloid plaque initially accumulates in the default mode network of the cortex before Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis is not known. Here, the authors show that this accumulation is associated with a reduction of global brain activity in these regions.

The roles of extracellular RNAs present in bacterial biofilms are poorly understood. Here, Mugunthan et al. show that specific mRNAs associate with extracellular DNA in the matrix of bacterial biofilms, facilitating the formation of viscoelastic networks.

Social networks often segregate based on political identities. We show that such segregation is reduced when people know how others behave towards those from their outgroup and ingroup

The estimates of the societal costs of carbon currently used for policy evaluations may be too low due to an insufficient representation of tropical cyclone damage. Accounting for them substantially increases the estimated benefits of climate change mitigation measures.

While accounting for intrinsic differences between short- and long-lived greenhouse gases, solely relying on soil carbon sequestration in grasslands to offset warming effect of emissions from current ruminant systems is not feasible

Novel indicators of infectious disease prevalence could improve real-time surveillance and support healthcare planning. Here, the authors show that sales data for non-prescription medications from a UK high street retailer can improve the accuracy of models forecasting mortality from respiratory infections.

This study finds that flood insurance policy design affects economic development in floodplains and, consequently, flood risk in Europe. Therefore, the authors advocate for flood insurance design to be integrated in climate change adaptation policy.