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Versatility of biological non-heme Fe(II) centers in oxygen activation reactions

Nature Chemical Biology volume 4, pages 186–193 (2008)Cite this article

Abstract

Oxidase and oxygenase enzymes allow the use of relatively unreactive O2 in biochemical reactions. Many of the mechanistic strategies used in nature for this key reaction are represented within the 2-histidine-1-carboxylate facial triad family of non-heme Fe(II)-containing enzymes. The open face of the metal coordination sphere opposite the three endogenous ligands participates directly in the reaction chemistry. Here, data from several studies are presented showing that reductive O2 activation within this family is initiated by substrate (and in some cases cosubstrate or cofactor) binding, which then allows coordination of O2 to the metal. From this starting point, the O2 activation process and the reactions with substrates diverge broadly. The reactive species formed in these reactions have been proposed to encompass four oxidation states of iron and all forms of reduced O2 as well as several of the reactive oxygen species that derive from O-O bond cleavage.

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Figure 1: Oxygen activation by extradiol dioxygenases.
Figure 2: Oxygen activation by Rieske cis-diol dioxygenases.
Figure 3: Oxygen activation by 2-oxo acid dioxygenases.
Figure 4: Oxygen activation by tetrahydropterin-dependent hydroxylases.
Figure 5: Oxygen activation in the mechanism of formation of isopenicillin N by IPNS.
Figure 6: Oxygen activation by the flexible 2-His+Asp/Glu facial triad motif.

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The authors acknowledge support from US National Institutes of Health grant GM24689.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and the Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota, USA

    Elena G Kovaleva & John D Lipscomb

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Kovaleva, E., Lipscomb, J. Versatility of biological non-heme Fe(II) centers in oxygen activation reactions. Nat Chem Biol 4, 186–193 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.71

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