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A transplantable mouse model of persistent cutaneous melanoma shows that immune-mediated tumour suppression can result in a state of melanoma–immune equilibrium, and that tissue-resident memory T cells are essential drivers of this equilibrium state.
The cryo-electron microscopy structure of human γ-secretase in complex with its substrate Notch reveals pronounced structural rearrangements compared to the apo enzyme, including formation of a β-sheet involving residues from both enzyme and substrate.
The cryo-EM structure of the post-translational protein translocation machinery of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane shows that Sec63 opens the channel, enabling insertion of low-hydrophobicity signal sequences into the lipid phase.
Evolved iron-containing enzymes based on cytochrome P450 achieve selective intermolecular alkylation of sp3 C–H bonds through a carbene C–H insertion strategy.
Millimetre-wavelength observations of the bipolar planetary nebula K4-47 show very high abundances of the rare isotopes 13C, 15N and 17O, providing clues about the possible origin of the nebula.
Quantum many-body calculations of superfluid fission dynamics reveal that heavy fragments from asymmetric fission of actinides are associated with considerable octupole (pear-shaped) deformation acquired on the way to fission.
Phenotypically, transcriptionally and metabolically diverse subsets of TH17 cells develop in a chronic autoimmune disease: one subset has inferred stemness features and low anabolic metabolism, while a reciprocal subset has higher metabolic activity that supports transdifferentiation into TH1 cells.
In mice, synaptic potentiation of transmission from the orbitofrontal cortex to the dorsal striatum drives compulsive reinforcement, a defining symptom of addiction.
In a phase I trial, highly individualized peptide vaccines against unmutated tumour antigens and neoepitopes elicited sustained responses in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, respectively, in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
Vertical motions of Earth’s crust had the greatest effect on regional spatial differences in relative sea-level trends along the eastern coast of the USA during 1900–2017, explaining most of the large-scale spatial variance in regional rates of sea-level rise.
Analyses of over 700,000 satellite images to map the global extent of tidal flats over the past thirty years, and enable assessments of the status and likely future trajectories of these coastal ecosystems.