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Why were Scud casualties so low?

Patriot missiles were returned to the Gulf last week. But they were not the reason for the unexpectedly low casualty rate when Saddam attacked Israel with Scud missiles in 1991.

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Fetter, S., Lewis, G. & Gronlund, L. Why were Scud casualties so low?. Nature 361, 293–296 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1038/361293a0

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