Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Bursal dissections and gill pouch hormones

A Corrigendum to this article was published on 01 May 1979

This article has been updated

Abstract

The terrestrial survival of birds and mammals depends on evolutionary changes in cloacal bursae and gill pouches. Comparative dissections of these pouches provide insight into the coordinated functions of cervical endocrine organs, especially as they affect lymphoid tissue.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

References

  1. Arey, L. B., Developmental Anatomy (Saunders, Philadelphia, 1943).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Adelman, H. B., The Embryological Treatises of Hieronymous Fabricius of Aquapendente (Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1942).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Perrault, M., Mem. Acad. R. Soc. Paris, 3(2), 172–205 (1733).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Jolly, J., Archs Anat. Microsc., 16, 363–547 (1915).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Smith, H. M., and James, L. F., Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 61, 86–96 (1958).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bellairs, A., The Life of Reptiles (Weidenfelt and Nicolson, London, 1969).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Porter, K. R., Herpetology (Saunders, Philadelphia, 1972).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Glick, B., Chang, T. S., and Jaap, R. G., Poultry Sci., 45, 224–225 (1956).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Warner, N. L., Szenberg, A., and Burnet, F. M., Aust. J. exp. biol. med. Sci., 40, 373–387 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Good, R. A., and Gabrielson, A. A., The Thymus in Immunobiology (Hoeber, New York, 1964).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Cooper, M. D., and Lawton, A. R., Sci. Am., 231, 59–72 (1974).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Wintrobe, M. M., Clinical Hematology (Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Jensen, K. G., and Kilman, S. A., Series Haemat., 7, 4, 426–617 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Shields, J. W., The Trophic Function of Lymphoid Elements (Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1972).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Lischner, H. W., and DiGeorge, A. M., Lancet, ii, 1044–1049 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Fudenberg, H. H., et al., New Engl. J. Med., 283, 656–657 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Fitzsimmons, R. C., Garrod, E. M. F., and Garrett, I., Cell. Immun., 9, 377–383 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hammar, J. A., Endocrinology, 5, 543–573 and 731–760 (1921).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Marine, D., in Special Cytology (edit. by Cowdry, E. V.), 2, (Hoeber, New York, 1932).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Metcalf, D., in Recent Results in Cancer Research (edit. by Rentchmick, P.), 5, (Springer, New York, 1966).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Wong, F. M., Taub, R. N., Sherman, J. D., and Dameshek, W., Blood, 28, 40–53 (1966).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Jordan, H. E., in Handbook of Hematology (edit. by Downey, H.) (Hoeber, New York, 1938).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Good, R. A., Peterson, R. D. A., Finstad, J., and Cooper, M. D., in The Thymus and Antoimmune Diseases, Ciba Foundation Symp. (edit. by Wostenholme, G. E. W. and Porter, R.), (Churchill, London, 1966).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Schaffner, T., Hess, M. W., and Cottier, H., Series Haemat., 7(4), 568–592 (1974).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Osoba, D., and Miller, J. F. A. P., Nature, 199, 653–654 (1963).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Sherman, J. D., Archs Path., 83, 251–257 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Hays, E. F., Blood, 29, 29–40 (1967).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Pierre, St., R. L., and Ackerman, G. A., Science, 147, 1307–1308 (1965).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Goldstein, A. L., Slater, F. D., and White, A., Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 56, 1010–1017 (1966).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Goldstein, A. L., Guha, A., Zatz, M. D., Hardy, M. A., and White, A. A., Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 69, 1800–1803 (1972).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Goldstein, A. L., Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. (in the press).

  32. Cooper, E. L., Contemporary Topics in Immunobiology, 2, 13–38 (Plenum, New York, 1973).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  33. Borysenko, M., and Cooper, E. L., J. Morphol., 138, 487–497 (1972).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Jordan, H. E., and Speidel, C. C., J. exp. Med., 37, 529–541 (1923).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Williams, R. H., Textbook of Endocrinology (Saunders, Philadelphia, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Drinker, C. K., and Yoffey, J. M., Lymphatics, Lymph and Lymphoid Tissue (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1941).

    Google Scholar 

  37. Shields, J. W., Am. J. Gastroenterol., 50, 30–36 (1968).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Med. World News, 10 (44), 23–28 (1969).

  39. Munch, A., Endocrinology, 77, 356–360 (1965).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Whitfield, J. F., Perris, A. D., and Youdale, T., Expl Cell Res., 52, 349–362 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Young, D. A., J. biol. Chem., 244, 2210–2217 (1969); ibid., 245, 2747–2752 (1970).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Nordeen, S. K., and Young, D. A., J. Cell Biol., 63, 247A (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  43. Dougherty, T. F., Stevens, W., and Schneebeli, G. L., in Recent Progress in Hormone Research, 29, (Academic, New York, 1973).

    Google Scholar 

  44. Dougherty, T. F., and White, A., Proc. Soc. exp. Biol., 53, 132–133 (1943).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. White, A., in Harvey Lectures (Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1950).

    Google Scholar 

  46. Selye, H., The Physiology and Pathology of Exposure to Stress (Acta, Montreal, 1950).

    Google Scholar 

  47. Shields, J. W., Acta Haemat., 24, 319–329 (1960).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Kampmeier, O. F., Evolution and Comparative Morphology of the Lymphatic System (Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1969).

    Google Scholar 

  49. Yoffey, J. M., Bone Marrow in Hypoxia and Rebound (Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  50. Andreason, E., Studies on the Thymicolymphatic System (Gyldenhall, Copenhagen, 1943).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Ommaney, F. D., et al., The Fishes (Time Inc. New York, 1963).

    Google Scholar 

  52. Shields, J. W., Blood, 27, 883–894 (1966).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Shields, J. Bursal dissections and gill pouch hormones. Nature 259, 373–376 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1038/259373a0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/259373a0

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing