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Microorganisms and minerals both contribute to organic carbon preservation and accumulation in soil. The soil microbial carbon pump describes the microbial processes, but a separate soil mineral carbon pump needs to be acknowledged and investigated.
Continental margins record the last stages of rifting before a new ocean basin is formed, with their variety reflecting interactions between tectonic, magmatic, sedimentary and hydrothermal processes. This Review provides a process-based understanding of rifted margin formation, gaining insights into their resource potential for the energy transition.
An article in Global Environmental Change documents the time of, and spatial variability in, transgression of the nitrogen and phosphorus planetary boundaries.
Water resources are threatened by human activities and climate variability. This Review discusses trends in water storage and availability and examines ways to enhance water-resource resilience through green and grey solutions.
An article in Earth & Planetary Science Letters finds that post-collisional granites can be derived from a modified primary mantle source, rather than recycled lower crust.
Carbon uptake by the ocean has increased alongside rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, but with substantial variability. This Review examines trends in ocean CO2 uptake and the internal and external factors driving its variability, finding an ocean uptake of –2.7 ± 0.3 Pg C year–1 for the period 1990 through 2019.
Subsurface carbon dioxide and green energy storage are enablers to limiting anthropogenic warming to 1.5 °C. This Review assesses the feasibility of expanding carbon dioxide storage to gigatonne scales and explores how this experience could accelerate the development of underground hydrogen storage.
Dust influences the global energy budget through various Earth system interactions. This Review outlines these interactions, revealing a total radiative effect of −0.2 ± 0.5 W m−2, which, alongside 55 ± 30% historical increases in dust, have contributed a radiative forcing of −0.07 ± 0.18 W m−2.
Detection, monitoring and prediction are essential to managing landslide risks. This Technical Review examines the use of remote-sensing technology in tracking landslides and mitigating disaster.
An article in JGR Solid Earth explores the events of the 2018 Kīlauea eruption to assess the hazards posed by magma stored and transported quickly through volcanic flanks.
Connections between climate and conflict have been the centre of critical debate and discussion. In this Viewpoint, five researchers provide their thoughts and opinions on the topic, outlining the types of conflict that can be linked to climate variability, and how these relationships might evolve with ongoing climate change.
Heatwaves are occurring with increasing frequency and intensity, necessitating prediction so as to minimize loss of life and other impacts. This Review outlines heatwave predictive capabilities at daily to decadal timescales, and discusses heatwave projections with anthropogenic warming.
Compound heat and moisture extremes influence crop yield, threatening food security. This Review outlines the mechanisms, projections and adaptation options for compound extreme–crop yield relationships, highlighting an urgency to better understand the impact of joint stresses.
Representation and discrimination of those with mobility and sensory impairments is a serious problem in academia, especially in the Earth sciences. Non-disabled academics must fight prejudice and increase the support to, and visibility of, physically impaired colleagues, states Paul Upchurch.
GeoSPACE is addressing the barrier of inaccessible field courses with a planetary mission approach, combining online participation with accessible in-person field work.
