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In this Perspective the authors provide recommendations for researchers conducting school-based mental health research to minimize potential harm in designing and delivering interventions.
Combining accelerometry, electronic diaries and neuroimaging, we found that physical activity is reproducibly linked to better wellbeing in people lacking social contact in everyday life, especially in people at neural and psychological risk of affective disorders.
In this Perspective, Minnis and co-authors propose a new framework, the bio-exposome, to integrate the multiple aspects of biological and exposome factors associated with childhood adversity that interact and influence outcomes for individuals across their lifespan.
Erritzoe et al. review the current evidence from neuroimaging studies on psychedelics and discuss how these data advance our understanding of their action.
In this Perspective the authors survey the state of computerized cognitive training interventions for mental health and identify some of the challenges and opportunities in the scale-up of certain interventions.
In this Review, the authors outline the current evidence on a precision medicine approach to Alzheimer’s disease risk reduction and propose how to integrate personalized strategies into routine clinical practice.
Inconsistent results have been obtained regarding the role of obesity and its related metabolic syndrome in neurological and psychiatric diseases. This systematic research using the UK Biobank demonstrates effects of body weight on the risk of several neurological and psychiatric disorders, and suggests that the higher risks may be partially explained by brain structure, food intake and inflammation.
In this Perspective, Kühn and Gallinat present the role for environmental neuroscience in examining mental health and discuss how urban and natural environments can have detrimental or beneficial effects on mental health.
This Perspective presents concepts and foundations of data analysis and interpretation of microbiome experiments with a focus on the microbiome–gut–brain axis domain.
In this Perspective, the authors present techniques from other disciplines that could help to enrich and inform the analysis of microbiome–gut–brain axis data.
Nicotine withdrawal and anxiety symptoms are overlapping barriers to smoking cessation. We examined the effects of a smoking cessation treatment — noninvasive neuromodulation — on nicotine withdrawal and anxiety symptoms, which revealed information on how neuromodulation can treat substance use disorders.
Short-lived online social network experiments show that making the in-game wealth of immediate neighbors invisible improves the subjective wellbeing (SWB) of poorer participants. This status invisibility reduced the strength of the positive association between in-game wealth and SWB in social networks. However, in real-world settings, status is often visible.
In this Perspective the authors detail the potentially parallel systemic economic risk of psychological distress and climate change, and argue for the adoption of a similar set of policy interventions, including bolstering cross-agency capability and capacity and increased investment in targeting root causes and solutions.
In this Perspective, Kucyi and co-authors explore some of the recent developments in neuroscience, including investigations of network dynamics and neural mechanisms that support off-task thoughts, and consider the implications for maladaptive forms of thought in mental health.
Numerous randomized placebo-controlled studies over the past two decades have shown that ketamine has a rapid antidepressant action. However, its acute transient effects on cognition and perception are likely to unmask study-arm assignment. Now, the use of surgical anesthesia to conceal treatment assignment finds high rates of rapid antidepressant response among participants, regardless of whether they are randomized to ketamine or placebo.
After the hindrance imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, neuroscience research pushed forward. NeuroFrance 2023 took place as an in-person meeting and highlighted current and future strategies for exploring the brain and its pathologies, including a strong pathway to mental health research.
Robust 24-hour light–dark cycles are crucial for healthy circadian rhythms. A study now shows that there is an independent association between increased light at night and decreased light during the day with a variety of mental health disorders.
Sex steroid hormones are powerful neuromodulators of learning and memory. A new study in humans links rhythmic oscillations in ovarian hormone levels to changes in medial temporal lobe morphology.
Some individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience a series of symptoms attributable to ‘dissociation’ — severance either with themselves or their surroundings. A new study on the neurobiology of dissociation in PTSD uses functional MRI analysis to identify unique patterns of brain–behavior associations.
A study drawing on the expansive UK Biobank dataset to explore the lifestyle, genetic and biological underpinnings of mental health highlights the influence of lifestyle on depression risk and suggests that detailed investigations into lifestyle factors, in conjunction with psychological aspects and advanced analysis methods, may reveal a deeper understanding of the complexities of mental health.