From 2018 to 2022, 48 anti-transgender laws were enacted in the USA across 19 states. This study shows that these anti-transgender laws increased past-year suicide attempts among transgender and non-binary young people by as much as 72%.

When applying to higher education in the Global North, students from the Global South face many challenges. Universities need to do more to ensure equity, argues Asim A. Ditta.

Blum et al. report evidence of lengthening of word-initial consonants across a diverse sample of 51 languages. On average, these consonants are 13 ms longer than word-medial ones, helping mark word boundaries in continuous speech, which is crucial for understanding speech.

Collective intelligence is the basis for group success and is frequently supported by information technology. Burton et al. argue that large language models are transforming information access and transmission, presenting both opportunities and challenges for collective intelligence.

The Twinning Project, a soccer-based prison intervention, reduced prison adjudications by 50%. Following release, social bonding was related to desistance and community attitudes, highlighting the need to connect incarcerated people with law-abiding groups.

Olfaction has traditionally been considered a slow sense. Using a precise sniff-triggered apparatus, Wu et al. show that people can distinguish fine odour dynamics, with a temporal sensitivity within 120 milliseconds—or well within a single sniff.

Combining results from 76 studies, Kunin et al. find evidence for two distinct drivers of infant looking: the degree to which a stimulus is unexpected and the degree to which it is visually unfamiliar.

Gao and Wang develop a measurement framework that demonstrates the widespread use and benefits of AI in science. Nonetheless, there is a substantial gap between AI education and application across disciplines.

This umbrella review of 194 observational meta-analyses and 748 interventional studies finds that maternal adiposity is associated with 12 adverse perinatal and offspring outcomes. Maternal weight loss interventions can only reduce some of these effects.

Orticio et al. show that exposure to detectable misinformation makes children more inclined to fact-check new claims.

Private enterprises offer preimplantation genetic testing with polygenic scores to select embryos with ‘desirable’ potential. In silico simulations using biobank resources show that the selected embryo would rely substantially on the choice of polygenic score method and randomness in score construction, which raises ethical concerns.

We propose a conceptual framework for misinformation interventions based on signal detection theory. We highlight that different factors can lead people to fall for misinformation and call for interventions to be tailored to these factors.

How misinformation affects cognition and behaviour is of increasing interest. Research has identified predictors of susceptibility, but how they play out during real-world behaviour remains unclear. We urge misinformation neuroscience researchers to prioritize ecological validity by collecting data across the ecological spectrum.

James Munyawera is a Rwandan conservationist. He discusses gorilla conservation in Rwanda and wildlife restoration in the UK to make a case for collaboration and hope.

When applying to higher education in the Global North, students from the Global South face many challenges. Universities need to do more to ensure equity, argues Asim A. Ditta.

An analysis in 50 countries shows large gaps between education policy and practice, which contributes to illiteracy among millions of students. Although much attention has been dedicated to policymaking, minimal attention is paid to policy implementation. To improve learning, we should pay as much attention to the latter as the former.