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This Perspective explores the potential of large-area electronics in wirelessly powered sensor nodes for the Internet of Things, considering low-power circuits for digital processing and signal amplification, as well as diodes and printed antennas for data communication and radiofrequency energy harvesting.
An embedded 3D printing technique — which uses an alginate–polyacrylamide hydrogel supporting matrix and a conductive silver–hydrogel ink — can be used to fabricate hydrogel electronic devices containing various different embedded circuits.
By controlling ion-dynamic capacitance, electrolyte-gated transistors can be switched between different operating modes, providing flexible neural network implementations.
A compact and energy-efficient magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) technology could help lower the power consumption of data storage and management.
High-electron-mobility transistors with a diamond coating on their top and side surfaces can effectively dissipate heat in high-power electronics applications.
A stretchable and conductive micrometre-thick elastic conductor, which has a controlled morphology of microcracks, can be used in on-skin and implantable sensor applications.
This Review examines the use of multidimensional architectures—such as superjunction, multi-channel and multi-gate technologies—in power electronics devices, exploring the performance limits, scaling and material figure of merits of the different architectures.
An organic artificial spiking neuron based on nonlinear ionoelectronic phenomena is reported that is sensitive to ionic and biomolecular species common in neuronal signalling. The neuron realistically emulates the function and firing properties of biological neurons and enables biohybrid interfaces made of artificial and biological components that function in real time.
A flexible sensor interface integrated into different commercial face masks can be used to measure breathing patterns, skin temperature, physical activity and the fit of the mask itself.
Artificial synapses made of indium selenide can exhibit tunable temporal dynamics, which can be used to achieve multisensory fusion and multiple-timescale feature extraction in reservoir computing.
Wearable sweat-sensing devices that use self-powered sensors, electrochromic displays and thin-film batteries can operate free from any connections to bulky external electronics.
With the help of two different kinds of memristor, a low-power, fully analogue reservoir computing system can be created for use in high-accuracy arrhythmia detection and dynamic gesture recognition.
A monocrystalline native oxide dielectric, β-Bi2SeO5, with a high dielectric constant has been synthesized by oxidizing a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor, Bi2O2Se. In 2D transistors, the ultrathin β-Bi2SeO5 dielectric demonstrates sub-0.5-nm equivalent oxide thickness and leakage current below the low-power limit, meeting the requirements of the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems.
This Review examines the development of micro light-emitting diodes, exploring key performance characteristics, leading manufacturing approaches and current system demonstrations, as well considering the potential future applications of the technology.
The interactions between antiferromagnetic moments and spin currents owing to topological surface states are observed as a combination of magnetoresistance effects and current-induced switching of the magnetic moments. These observations suggest that topological surface states could provide a tool for reading and writing antiferromagnetic memories with ultralow energy consumption.
An artificial neuron is designed to communicate chemically with biological neurons. The artificial neuron can receive and release the neurotransmitter dopamine, enabling adaptive interaction with live neurons and the sciatic nerve in a mouse leg.
