Review Articles

This Review examines the development of radiation-hardened electronics, considering the design methodologies available with conventional complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technologies and the potential use and applications of emerging memory technologies.

This Review examines the three established approaches for creating stretchable transistors—buckling engineering, stiffness engineering and intrinsic-stretchability engineering—and explores the current and future capabilities of stretchable transistors and circuits in human-integrated electronics.

This Review Article examines the potential of spintronics in four key areas of application —memories, sensors, microwave devices, and logic devices — and discusses the challenges that need be addressed in order to integrate spintronic materials and functionalities into mainstream microelectronic platforms.

This Review Article examines the development of neuro-inspired computing chips and their key benchmarking metrics, providing a co-design tool chain and proposing a roadmap for future large-scale chips.

This Review Article examines the development of non-magnetic non-reciprocal electronics with a focus on devices based on temporal modulation, including approaches based on temporal modulation of permittivity and conductivity, as well as superconducting components for applications in quantum computing.

This Review Article examines the development of neural interfaces, which can provide a direct, electrical bridge between analogue human nervous systems and digital man-made devices, considering challenges and opportunities created with such technology.

This Review Article examines the development of spintronic devices for neuromorphic computing, exploring how magnetic tunnel junctions and magnetic textures can act as artificial neurons and synapses, as well as considering the challenges that exist in scaling up current systems.

This Review Article examines the development of physical unclonable functions, which exploit inherent randomness to give a physical entity a unique ‘fingerprint’ or trust anchor, considering the various potential applications of these devices and the security issues that they must confront.

This Review Article examines the development of epitaxial growth and layer transfer techniques for monolithic integration of dissimilar single-crystalline materials for application in advanced electronic and photonic devices.

This Review Article examines the development of two-dimensional spintronics for low-power electronics, exploring potential devices and circuits, as well the challenges that exist in delivering practical applications.

This Review Article examines the development of self-healing electronic materials and devices, explores their potential applications and discusses the challenges that exist in delivering practical systems.

This Review Article examines the development of terahertz integrated electronic and hybrid electronic–photonic systems, considering, in particular, advances that deliver important functionalities for applications in communication, sensing and imaging.

This Review Article examines state-of-the-art metrology methods for integrated circuits and highlights how new integrated circuit device design and industry requirements affect lithography options and consequently metrology requirements.

This Review Article examines the development of organic neuromorphic devices, considering the different switching mechanisms used in the devices and the challenges the field faces in delivering neuromorphic computing applications.

This Review Article examines the development of in-memory computing using resistive switching devices.

This Review Article assesses the different techniques used to characterize memristive switching in nanoionic devices and proposes a general framework for such devices, based on the relative strengths and weaknesses in each case.

This Review Article examines the development of wearable sweat sensors, considering the challenges and opportunities for such technology in the context of personalized healthcare.

This Review Article examines the development of functional untethered soft robotics, evaluating recent advances in soft robotic actuation, sensing, and integration in relation to untethered systems.