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An analysis of the geographical range and climatic niche dynamics of Australian frogs highlights the role of an emerging chytrid fungal disease in reshaping the distributions of native species through novel host–pathogen interactions.
A study of over 18,000 effect sizes from more than 350 published studies in ecology finds clear evidence of selective reporting and exaggeration of effect sizes.
An ancient genomics study of Holocene human individuals in Brazil provides hard-won data that illuminate the early history of population settlement in South America
International trade poses a risk to many species, especially those threatened with extinction. A new assessment tool based on the IUCN Red List may help to improve transparency, oversight and regulation of the international trade in wildlife.
Sex differences in physiology and longevity are widely observed. A study that manipulates heterochromatin content in Drosophila Y chromosomes shows no association between the length of the Y chromosome and longevity, thus challenging the hypothesis that Y chromosome-derived heterochromatin causes Y chromosome-bearing animals to live shorter lives.
An analysis of Y chromosomes from 29 primate species shows lineage-specific evolutionary strata as well as changes in the 3D structure, rearrangements and positive selection that have shaped the primate Y chromosome over the past 80 million years.
A study from Belize demonstrates how to set targets for coastal ecosystem conservation and restoration, and to quantify the resulting suite of benefits for achieving climate change mitigation and adaptation goals under the Paris Agreement.
A quasi-experimental impact evaluation quantifies reduced forest loss, avoided social cost of emissions and potential carbon-offset revenue associated with India’s designation of protected areas as tiger-conservation reserves with enhanced protection.
A new genetic study provides strong support for the view that our species evolved from exchanges between several ancestral populations in different African regions.
Human genetic material can be inadvertently captured and enriched from environmental DNA samples. This has both legal and ethical implications for future research.
Gene–environment interactions have been found to shape ageing plasticity in the muscle tissue of migratory locusts through adaptive changes in lipid metabolic processes.
Machine-learning-based prediction of splicing in extinct hominin species highlights the effect of natural selection on splice-altering variants and reveals phenotypic differences with modern humans.
For a long time, the ecological niche concept was less popular for microbes than for other organisms. A new proxy for the ecological niche breadth of a microorganism, based on the variability of the communities with which it associates, enables investigation of the correlates of being a social generalist or social specialist.
Unlike other North Pacific killer whales, Southern Resident killer whales have failed to thrive despite decades of conservation. Genomics combined with long-term observational records reveal inbreeding depression as a compelling explanation.
A mathematical model of eco-evolutionary dynamics estimates different birth rates of cells at the periphery of a tumour versus its centre, giving insight into locally stable evolutionary mechanisms that arise as a result of boundary-driven growth.
A large-scale field study finds that different bee species experience different levels of risk from pesticides, depending on how much land is farmed within their foraging range. For bumblebees and solitary bees, more seminatural habitat means less risk from pesticides, but this is not true for honeybees.
Laboratory-quantified spatial memory and subsequent free-ranging movements show how learning about space and establishing familiar areas increase fitness in pheasants.
Analysis of regional-scale pollen data from southeast Australia that span the entire Holocene epoch reveals that plant functional diversity has been highly variable in time and space. A functional perspective on palaeoecological data helps us to better understand the current climate–biodiversity crisis and to predict future changes.
