Review Articles

This Review discusses the characteristics of neural probes that are most likely to facilitate the clinical translation of invasive neural interfaces, the abiotic and biotic factors that contribute to their failure and emerging neural-interface architectures.

This Review discusses requirements—in cell sources, functional and safety testing, manufacturing and storage, and clinical-trial design—for the clinical advancement of cell therapies for Parkinson’s disease.

This Review highlights technological advances in exoskeleton technology from the past two decades, and challenges and opportunities in the exoskeleton-assisted rehabilitation of gait.

This Review discusses the advantages and limitations of self-supervised methods and models for use in medicine and healthcare, and the challenges in collecting unbiased data for their training.

This Review discusses the use of deep generative models, federated learning and transformer models to address challenges in the deployment of machine learning for healthcare.

This Review discusses established and emerging techniques for the multiplexed imaging of isolated tissues and cells and for non-invasive whole-body imaging.

This Review discusses the most promising gene therapies, cell therapies and retinal prostheses for the treatment of retinal degeneration, as well as upcoming technologies for enhancing vision restoration.

This Review discusses the challenges and opportunities, biological and technical, of technologies for the analysis of cell-free DNA for the diagnosis of cancer.

This Review describes the current optogenetics toolkit, and discusses its preclinical and translational applicability.

This Review examines classical methods for the preservation of mammalian biospecimens and the associated mechanisms of cryoinjury and discusses how the methods’ applicability limitations are being addressed.

This Review summarizes the rapidly expanding toolbox of assays for CRISPR-based diagnostics and highlights their point-of-care applications.

This Review Article discusses how delivery challenges associated with small molecules, nucleic acids, peptides, proteins and cells led to the development of commercial products and are now informing the delivery of live-cell therapeutics.

This Review Article discusses progress in the development of miniaturized and ultralightweight devices for neuroengineering that are wireless, battery-free and fully implantable.

This Review discusses methods for the creation of microphysiological human brain models that recapitulate aspects of major neurological disorders.

This Review discusses non-invasive and invasive technologies for conveying artificial sensory feedback through bionic hands.

This Review summarizes progress in the development of engineering strategies employed in reproductive science and medicine, with a focus on biomaterials and microfluidic approaches.

This Review summarizes the development of optoacoustic imaging with acoustic resolution and wide-bandwidth ultrasound detection, and the applicability of this mesoscopic imaging modality in the label-free visualization of tissue pathophysiology.

This Review discusses the factors that affect the phenotypes of mesenchymal stromal cells, and the need for standardized assays that provide quality assurance for clinical uses of the cells.

This Review summarizes the medical applications of artificial intelligence, and its economic, legal and social implications for healthcare.

This Review discusses the manufacturing of cell products for clinically advanced cell therapies, and highlights potential manufacturing bottlenecks and solutions towards the cost-effective commercialization of the therapies.