Perspectives

This Perspective argues that dermal interstitial fluid cannot be generally considered a diagnostically useful proxy for blood, yet that it can offer advantageous utility for the monitoring of therapeutic drugs and of the status of the immune system.

This Perspective overviews the sources of prediction uncertainty in machine learning for applications in healthcare, and discusses how to implement suitable prediction-uncertainty metrics.

This Perspective discusses the applicability of integrated whole-body PET/MRI for the study of immune-mediated phenomena associated with haematopoietic activity and cardiovascular disease.

This Perspective outlines the successes and limitations of graph deep learning for biomedical and healthcare applications.

This Perspective overviews the design and fabrication of tissue-mimicking phantom materials for the technical validation of biophotonic instrumentation, and identifies a set of criteria for their standardization.

This Perspective highlights notable milestones from the past two decades of research in cardiac tissue engineering, and outlines opportunities and challenges for further advancement.

This Perspective describes the ecosystem of software available for the analysis of tissue images and discusses the need for interactive online guides that help histopathologists make complex images understandable to non-specialists.

This Perspective describes current clinical standards for intraoperative tissue analysis in oncology and discusses potential clinical implementations of intraoperative imaging for pathology-assisted surgery.

This Perspective argues that technologies for the neural interfacing of robotic devices with the body that have been clinically tested in humans should be leveraged toward the creation of a new generation of high-performance bionic limbs.

This Perspective reviews imaging technologies for 3D pathology, and the associated computational tools for image processing and interpretation.

This Perspective outlines the current map and known functions of populations of tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells in cancer, and discusses their implications for cancer therapy and biological research.

This Perspective summarizes the most recent developments in the bioprinting of cartilage, bone and skin for clinical applications, and discusses translational challenges and opportunities in the fabrication of complex 3D-printed tissues and organs.

This Perspective overviews immunotherapies leveraging engineering approaches, including the design of biomaterials, delivery strategies and nanotechnology solutions, for the realization of individualized cancer treatments.

This Perspective discusses opportunities and challenges, and proposes a roadmap, for the clinical implementation of optical-imaging biomarkers and technologies for the early detection of cancer.

This Perspective discusses the importance of proper study design in preclinical studies in nanomedicine and cell therapy to improve reproducibility and the likelihood of clinical translation.

This Perspective describes the current state of point-of-care sensors for the diagnosis and monitoring of sepsis, and outlines opportunities for their use in improving the care of sepsis patients.

This Perspective provides an overview of recent cardiac cell therapies and their limitations, and argues for the need of deeper mechanistic understanding that informs the use of cells and of next-generation cell-free biologics in cardiac regeneration.

This Perspective argues that a significant number of bone fractures in the elderly are insufficiency fractures caused by cyclic loading from daily activities, which induces fatigue cracking, rather than the result of impacts or trauma.

This Perspective argues that tissue-manufacturing approaches relying on directed self-organization will enable the production of functional tissues with complex biological features.

This Perspective discusses recent technological developments in flow cytometry and DNA sequencing that enable the interrogation of T-cell specificities in infection, cancer and autoimmunity to inform disease development and treatment.