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In a 2023 Protocol Review, US respondents addressed a scenario1 wherein genetically modified animals (GMAs) were donated to an investigator and used for an unrelated study. In the US, the production and subsequent management of GMAs are governed by specific regulations (PHS Policy, NIH Guidelines), and GMAs that are not used for the intended research would not qualify for other research activities. To better understand how GMAs are governed in institutions located outside of the US, we asked two experts – Sara Wells (UK) and Francina Langa Vives (France) – about their experience.
A strategic and statistically based experimental design is a key component of Reduction, and the backbone of reproducible research. Design basics consist of formal structuring of input variables and clearly defined experimental units. Formal designs can evaluate two or more input factors simultaneously, identify and prioritise the most important inputs, and identify interactions where most discovery occurs.