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Impact of the components of metabolic syndrome on oxidative stress and enzymatic antioxidant activity in essential hypertension

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to analyze the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its individual components on oxidative stress (OX) and on the activity of antioxidant enzymes of patients with essential hypertension. One hundred and eighty-seven hypertensives, 127 (61.9%) of them having criteria for MS according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria and 30 healthy normotensive subjects were included. OX status was assessed by measuring glutathione oxidized/glutathione reduced and reactive oxygen species-induced byproducts of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehide, and DNA damage, 8-oxo-dG genomic and mitochondrial. Antioxidant enzymatic activity of Cu/Zn extracellular-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was measured in plasma and glutathione peroxidase 1 in hemolysad erythrocytes. In mononuclear cells, total-SOD activity, CAT and glutathione peroxidase 1, were assessed as well. The OX state in both blood and peripheral mononuclear cells observed in hypertensives were not enhanced by the addition of components of the so-called MS. Likewise, the reduction in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, both extracellular and cytoplasmic, was not affected by the presence of additional components of the MS. Neither the number of components nor the individual addition of each of them, low high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, abdominal obesity or fasting glucose, further impact in the OX abnormalities observed in those with only hypertension in absence of other components. In conclusion, the present data indicates that contribution of MS components to the OX burden generated by high blood pressure is minimal.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Grants 01/0069 (1 and 2), 01/3047, PI03/0862 and RCMN C03/01 (RECAVA) of the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS), of the Spanish Health Ministry and grant GRUPOS 03/101 from the Valencian Government.

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Correspondence to J Redon.

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Abdilla, N., Tormo, M., Fabia, M. et al. Impact of the components of metabolic syndrome on oxidative stress and enzymatic antioxidant activity in essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 21, 68–75 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1002105

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